问题 填空题

核磁共振谱是测定有机物分子结构最有用的工具之一。在有机物分子中,不同位置的氢原子在质子核磁共振谱(PMR)中给出的峰值(信号)也不同,根据峰(信号)可以确定有机物分子中氢原子的种类和数目。例如:乙醛的结构式为:

,其PMR谱中有2个信号峰,其强度之比为3∶1。

⑴下列有机物分子中,在质子核磁共振谱中只给出一种峰(信号)的是________

A.CH3-CH3

B.CH3COOH

C.CH3COOCH3

D.CH3COCH3⑵化合物A和B的分子式都是C2H4Br2,A的PMR谱上只有1个峰,则A的结构简式为              。B的PMR谱上有        个峰,强度比为           

答案

(1) AD;  (2) BrCH2-CH2Br, 两,1∶3(或3:1)

题目分析:(1)在核磁共振谱中,有几种氢原子,就有几个峰。在质子核磁共振谱中只给出一种峰(信号)说明只含有一种氢原子。A一种正确。B2种错误。C2种,错误。D1种。正确。所以选项为AD。(2)A的分子式是C2H4Br2,A的PMR谱上只有1个峰则它只有一种氢原子。结构简式为BrCH2-CH2Br。B与它是同分异构体,只有一种,结构简式为CH3-CHBr2。有两种氢原子,个数比为3:1.所以B的PMR谱上有2个峰,强度比为3:1(或者1:3)

填空题
单项选择题

Attempts to understand the relationship between social behavior and health have their origin in history. Dubos (1969) suggested that primitive humans were closer to the animals (1) they, too, relied’upon their instincts to stay healthy. Yet some primitive humans (2) a cause and effect relationship between doing certain things and alleviating (3) of a disease or (4) the condition of a wound. (5) there was so much that primitive humans did not (6) the functioning of the body, magic became an integral component ofthe beliefs about the causes and cures of heath (7) Therefore it is not (8) that early humans thought that illness was caused (9) evil spirit. Primitive medicines made from vegetables or animals were invariably used in combination with some form of ritual to (10) harmful spirit from a diseased body.

One of the. earliest (11) in the Western world to formulate principles of health care based upon rational thought and (12) of supernatural phenomena is found in the work of the Greek physician Hippocrates. The writing (13) to him has provided a number of principles underiying modern medical practice. One of his most famous (14) , the Hippocratic Oath, is the foundation of contemporary medical ethics.

Hippocrates also argued that medical knowledge should be derived from a (15) of the natural science and the logic of cause and effect relationships. In this (16) thesis, On Air, Water, and Places, Hippocrates pointed out that human well-being is (17) by the totality of environmental (18) : living habits or lifestyle, climate, geography of the land, and the quality of air, and food. (19) enough, concerns about our health and the quality of air, water, and places are (20) very much written in twentieth century.

3()

A.symbols

B.signs

C.symptoms

D.syndromes