问题 解答题
已知数列{an}满足:a1=1,an+1an=n,n∈N*
(1)求a2a3a4的值,并证明:an+2=
1
an+1
+an
; 
(2)证明:2
n
-1≤
1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
<3
n
-1
答案

(1)由题意得a2=

1
a1
=1,a3=
2
a2
=2
a4=
3
a3
=
3
2
,下面证明:an+2=
1
an+1
+an

1
an+1
+an=
1+anan+1
an+1
=
n+1
an+1
=an+2

证明:(2)先证2

n
-1≤
1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an

由(1)知

1
an
=an+1-an-1
1
an-1
=an-an-2
,…,
1
a3
=a4-a2
1
a2
=a3-a1
1
a1
=1,

将以上式子相加得:

1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
=an+1+an-a2-a1+1=an+1+an-1≥2
an+1an
-1
=2
n
-1;

为证

1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
<3
n
-1,先证
3-
5
2
n
≤an
3+
5
2
n-1
(n≥2,n∈N*),

用数学归纳法:

①当n=2时,a2=1,结论显然成立;

②假设n=k时,

3-
5
2
k
≤ak
3+
5
2
k-1
成立,

则当n=k+1时,由ak+1ak=k⇒ak=

k
ak+1

由归纳假设有

3-
5
2
k
≤ak
3+
5
2
k-1
3-
5
2
k
k-1
≤ak+1
3+
5
2
k

因为

k
k-1
k+1
,所以
3-
5
2
k+1
≤ak+1
3+
5
2
k
也成立,

综上,

3-
5
2
n
≤an
3+
5
2
n-1
3+
5
2
n
(n≥2,n∈N*),

所以,当n≥2时,

1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
=an+1+an-1=
n
an
+an-1<
n
3+
5
2
n
+
3+
5
2
n
-1=3
n
-1,

又n=1时,显然有

1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
<3
n
-1成立,

综上所述,2

n
-1≤
1
a1
+
1
a2
+…+
1
an
<3
n
-1.

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