问题 问答题 简答题

解释是什么,有哪几种?

答案

参考答案:

解释,是指咨询者运用有关的心理学理论来说明来访者思想、情感和行为的实质、发展过程及原因、影响因素等,促使其从一个新的角度。借助于理论知识来加深对自身的认识和理解,进而作出积极的改变。对一些较复杂的问题,不仅需要对有关问题的形成原因及性质作出解释,而且需要对使问题发生积极变化的基础和可能性作出解释。因此,解释被认为是一种非常重要的影响技术。解释一般有两种,一种是根据咨询者个人的经验及对来访者问题的了解与分析得出的;另一种是根据不同的心理咨询与治疗的理论,对来访者的问题做出的解释。不管哪一种解释,其目的都是为了帮助来访者从另一个视角对自己所遇到的问题有一个新的认识。咨询者必须掌握有关理论,具有一定的工作实践经验,才能对问题作出恰当的解释。要针对不同来访者的具体问题,灵活而富有创造性地进行思考和表达,而不是生搬硬套、牵强附会地解释一通。

完形填空


I’d been travelling for long hours on a lonely country road when I had a flat tyre. So I had to        and get the tools to fix the problem. It certainly wasn’t        doing this with a white shirt and suit on.
Nightfall was approaching. Suddenly a car pulled up beside me. A man got out and offered to        me. Seeing tattoos (纹身) on his arm, I became        as thoughts of robberies flashed through my mind. But        I could say anything, he had already begun to take the tools to change the        . While watching him, I happened to look back at his car and noticed someone sitting in the passenger seat. This        me.
Then, without warning, it began to rain. He suggested that I wait in his car because my car was unsafe. As the rain increased, I unwillingly agreed. When I settled into the back seat, a woman’s voice came from the front seat. I replied with much        when seeing an old woman there. It must be his mother, I thought. To my surprise, the old woman was a neighbor of the man who was helping me. “Jeff insisted on stopping when he saw you        the tyre.” “I am grateful for his help,” I said. “Me too!” she said with a smile. He helped drive her to see her husband twice a week in a nursing home. She also said that he        at the church and taught disadvantaged students for free.
Finally, Jeff helped me change the tyre. I tried to offer him money and of course he refused it. As we shook hands to say goodbye I apologized for my stupid        at the first sight of him, and this incident warned us that we shouldn’t judge people by the way they       .
小题1:
A.stopB.moveC.seeD.look
小题2:
A.difficultB.easyC.badD.polite
小题3:
A.liftB.carryC.driveD.help
小题4:
A.discouragedB.disappointed C.frightenedD.astonished
小题5:
A.asB.beforeC.untilD.when
小题6:
A.tyreB.suitC.shirtD.tools
小题7:
A.puzzledB.embarrassedC.calmedD.concerned
小题8:
A.fearB.reliefC.satisfactionD.delight
小题9:
A.taking onB.fighting forC.picking outD.struggling with
小题10:
A.volunteeredB.studiedC.grew D.performed
小题11:
A.ignoranceB.wordsC.reactionD.comment
小题12:
A.droveB.walkedC.behavedD.looked
判断题