问题 问答题

炎热的夏季,小明和同学们在沙滩上玩耍.他发现了下列几种现象:

(1)看到远处高楼墙面光线柔和,而玻璃窗很刺眼.

(2)经过花店,闻到花香特别的浓;

(3)乘车时,汽车一刹车,身体向前倾斜;

(4)风一吹,室内的窗帘飘出窗外.

请你运用2个物理知识,分别解释上述场景中的相关现象.

答案

答:(任意选择两个答案)

(1)场景:看到远处高楼墙面光线柔和,而玻璃窗很刺眼.

解释:光射到高楼的粗糙墙面时,墙面发生漫反射,进入眼睛的光线比较少,感觉光线柔和;光射到玻璃窗上,玻璃窗发生镜面反射,进入眼睛的光线比较多,感觉比较刺眼.

(2)场景:经过花店,闻到花香特别的浓.

解释:经过花店时,花的芳香分子运动到空气中,发生了扩散现象,闻到花香.

(3)场景:乘车时,汽车一刹车,身体向前倾斜.

解释:汽车行驶时,人和汽车一起运动,汽车一刹车,脚和汽车地板之间由于摩擦而停止运动,上身由于惯性要保持原来的运动状态,身体向前倾斜.

(4)场景:风一吹,室内的窗帘飘出窗外.

解释:风一吹,窗外空气流速增大,空气压强减少,室内空气压强大于室外压强,窗帘被压向窗外.

阅读理解

A PLANE crashed (坠机) in Libya on May 12, killing 103 people on board. The only survivor is a 10-year-old Dutch boy.

This is not the only example of a crash in which everyone but a child died. A 12-year-old girl was the only person to survive a 2009 air crash in the Indian Ocean. When a plane crashed over Sudan in 2003, only a 3-year-old boy survived.

It's a question that leaves safety experts puzzled. So farthere is not enoughhard evidence forthem to answer withany certainty.

Although unclear, there arereasons to suggestthat children maycope (应对) better than others.

Professor Ed Galea at the University of Greenwich, suggested children would be cocooned(被紧紧抱住) within their seat and therefore might be less probably to receive injuries.

"With an adult with their head above the seat and legs on the floor, they will receive some kind of injury landing on your head and legs," he told the BBC.

"It would be miraculous (奇迹的) to survive that, but there have been cases(情况) of people falling into trees. A smaller body would mean it's more possible the tree would break your fall," he explained.

Studies found other factors (因素), besides luck, influence the chances of surviving a crash.

One is seating. A study of plane crashed conducted by Poplar Mechanics found that people sitting toward the back of the plane were more probably to survive than those sitting toward the front. A survey conducted by researchers at the University of Greenwich in the UK found that what matters most is how close you are to an exit(出口). Sit in five rows(排) of an exit, and you've got better-than-even chances of surviving. Sit in six rows or more away, and your chances are less than 50-50.

Other factors for surviving a plane crash include wearing a seat belt, paying attention to flight instructions and staying alert(警觉) during taking off and landing. And of course, don't fly with airlines that are the most pobably to crash.

小题1:根据短文内容完成句子 (每空限填一个单词)

From Paragraph 1 we know only a 10-year-old Dutch boy _________ __________.

小题2:根据短文内容完成句子 (每空限填一个单词)

From Paragraphs 1-2 we may ask if _________ are more possible to survive plane crashes than __________.

小题3:根据短文内容完成句子 (每空限填一个单词)

According to paragraph 9, Sit six rows or more away, and you’ve got __________ _________of surviving.

小题4:把短文中画底线的句子译成汉语。

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小题5:根据短文内容用一个完整的英语句子(限10个词以内)回答问题。

What’s the main idea of the passage?

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选择题