问题 解答题

已知算法:

S1 输入x;

S2 若x<0,执行S3,否则,执行S6;

S3  y=x+1;

S4  输出y;

S5 结束;

S6 若x=0,执行S7,否则执行S10;

S7  y=0;

S8 输出y;

S9 结束;

S10  y=x;

S11 输出y;

S12 结束.

将该算法用程序框图来描述.

答案

解:其程序框图如图:

这是一个输入x的值,求y值的函数的算法.

其中y=

阅读理解

下面文章中有4处需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D和E)中选出符合各段意思的小标题, 选项中有一项是多余选项。

A. Early to Bed, Early to Rise

B. Read Challenging Books

C. Relax yourself

D. Minimize Television Watching

E. Take Time to Reflect

Five Simple Ways to Increase Your Intelligence

Your brain needs exercise just like a muscle. If you use it often and in the right ways, you will become a more skilled thinker and increase your ability to focus.  

Here are 5 simple ways anyone can squeeze a bit more productivity out of the old gray matter.

1. __________-This is a hard sell. People love vegetating in front of the television, myself included more often than I’d like. The problem is watching television doesn’t use your mental capacity OR allow it to recharge. It’s like having the energy sapped out of a muscle without the health benefits of exercise.

When you feel like relaxing, try reading a book instead. If you’re too tired, listen to some music. When you’re with your friends or family, leave the tube off and have a conversation. All of these things use your mind more than television and allow you to relax.

Exercise- I used to think that I'd learn more by not exercising and using the time to read a book instead. But I realized that time spent exercising always leads to greater learning because it improves productivity during the time afterwards. Using your body clears your head and creates a wave of energy. Afterwards, you feel invigorated(精力充沛)and can concentrate more easily.

2. __________-Many people like to read popular suspense fiction, but generally these books aren't mentally stimulating. If you want to improve your thinking and writing ability you should read books that make you focus. Reading a classic novel can change your view of the world and will make you think in more precise, elegant English. Don’t be afraid to look up a word if you don’t know it, and don’t be afraid of dense passages. Take your time, re-read when necessary, and you’ll soon grow accustomed to the author’s style.

3. __________-Nothing makes it harder to concentrate than sleep deprivation. You'll be most rejuvenated if you go to bed early and don’t sleep more than 8 hours. If you stay up late and compensate by sleeping late, you’ll wake up lethargic(无精打采)and have trouble focusing. In my experience the early morning hours are the most tranquil and productive. Waking up early gives you more productive hours and maximizes your mental acuity(敏锐)all day.

If you have the opportunity, take 10-20 minute naps when you are hit with a wave of drowsiness. Anything longer will make you lethargic, but a short nap will refresh you.

4. __________-Often our lives get so hectic that we become overwhelmed without even realizing it. It becomes difficult to concentrate because nagging thoughts keep interrupting. Spending some time alone in reflection gives you a chance to organize your thoughts and prioritize your responsibilities. Afterwards, you’ll have a better understanding of what's important and what isn’t. The unimportant stuff won’t bother you anymore and your mind will feel less encumbered.

Conclusion-I hope you aren’t disappointed that none of the techniques I've proposed are revolutionary. But simple, unexciting answers are often the most valid. The challenge is having the will to adhere to them. If you succeed in following these 5 tips, you’ll be rewarded with increased mental acuity and retention of knowledge.

填空题

请填写下列有关实验操作中的空格:

①用酒精灯给物质加热时,要用酒精灯火焰的                 

②点燃可燃性气体时,都要先              ,再点燃;

③做细铁丝在氧气中燃烧的实验时,集气瓶底部应预先                   

④用量筒量取液体读数时,视线与液体凹液面的最低处的位置关系是             (填写“俯视”、“仰视”或“保持水平”)。

(2)(9分)下图是小明同学在化学实验操作考试中主要操作过程的示意图。

①上述实验是小明从以下四个考题中抽签确定的,他抽到的是四个选项中的   项的考题。

A.粗盐提纯

B.二氧化碳的制取、收集和验满

C.酸的化学性质

D.氧气的制取、收集和验满②按评分标准,每项操作正确得1分,满分5分,实验完毕后小明得了3分。请找出他得分的操作__________、                     。(填序号)

③小明抽到该题后,看到实验桌上所需的用品(如下图),发现其中缺少了一种实验仪器和药品。请你写出所缺仪器的名称       ;所缺的药品是                          

④小明依据化学反应原理选择实验装置,他利用上图所给的仪器组装成的发生装置还可以用来制取     气体,写出制取该气体的化学反应方程式: