问题 填空题

某环保研究所搜集了4种生物的资料研究环境污染物对生物的影响。并用于生态风险评估(见下表)。

(1)生态系统的成分主要包括________。一个封闭的、功能完善的生态系统,无需从外界获得物质就可长期维持其正常功能。但是如果在一个较长时期内断绝对它的_________,这个生态系统就会自行消亡。

(2)碳在生物群落中的传递主要以_________的形式进行。若D每增重10kg至少消耗A______kg。

(3)利用表中信息在下图框中绘出该生态系统的碳循环简图。

(4)在生态系统的营养结构中,________越高,生物铅、汞的浓度也越高,即有毒、有害物质沿食物链传递过程中具有富集作用。

(5)进行生态风险评估时,需要计算出一个风险商数(RQ)。每一种生物的RQ是污染物的摄入剂量对临界水平的比率。RQ<1显示污染物对生物的健康只构成低风险,RQ≥1则显示污染物可能对生物有害。运用表中RQ数据分析汞、铅对该生态系统内4种生物生存的影响是:_________________。

答案

(1)生产者、消费者、分解者以及非生物的物质和能量   能量输入(供应)

(2)有机物   250

(3)

(4)营养级

(5)D内两种污染物的PQ>1,B内汞(Hg)的RQ>1,铅、汞会威胁这些生物的生存,且汞的威胁更为严重;由于A和C生物的RQ<1,生物A厦C的生存不会受到此两种污染物的威胁。

选择题
阅读理解

阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示,2)首字母提示,3)语境提示,在每个空格内填入一个

适当的英语单词,并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确。

Dear editor,

     I am Evan from Canada. Being the eldest child in the family has its disadvantages. First of all, I have to

share all my (1)______ (玩具) with my younger sisters. Of course, they don't (2)n_____ to return the favor

because I'm totally uninterested in their things. (3)______ (除……之外) that, they are always hanging around

me. I just can't get a moment's (4)p______.

     At meals, I have to eat whatever is (5)______ the plate regardless of the taste. My sisters only try one bite

if it's not (6)______ favorite food. In addition, (7)w______ it comes to practicing our musical instruments, I

have to practice (8)______ than double the time. Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of homework, (9)______

(对比) to them.

     I'm feeling rather annoyed. Can you please (10)g______ me some advice?

                                                                                                                                         Yours truly

                                                                                                                                          Evan Smith