问题 开放性试题

材料一:2013年中国大陆60岁以上人口首次超过2亿人,占比达到14.9%。预计2030年将达25%左右,到2050年左右,老年人口会达到4.4亿人左右的峰值,约占总人口的三分之一。由此会引发一系列的经济和社会问题。

材料二:党的十八届三中全会通过的《中 * * 关于全面深化改革若干重大问题的决定》,对人口与生育政策进行重大调整。“坚持计划生育的基本国策,启动实施一方是独生子女的夫妇可生育两个孩子的政策,逐步调整完善生育政策,促进人口长期均衡发展。”这是中国人口和生育政策适应经济社会发展形势所作出的重大调整。

(1)材料一反映了我国人口现状的哪一个特点?人口问题的本质是什么?(4分)

(2)结合上述材料谈谈党中央调整人口政策有哪些积极意义?(10分)

答案

(1)材料一反映了我国人口老龄化的速度在加快。(2分)②口问题的本质是发展问题。(2分)

(2)答案一:①党中央调整人口政策有利于逐步调整完善生育政策,促进人口长期均衡发展。②有利于缓解人口老年化给社会带来的压力,破解“未富先老”、劳动力短缺,独生子女家庭养老难等问题,构建和谐社会。③有利于使人口结构变化和人口规模更为健康、完善,与经济社会 发展相适应。④反映了中国政府在调整人口结构上的努力和与时俱进,符合民心,顺应了时代潮流。

答案二:实践证明,从中国的国情出发,实行计划生育有利于发展社会主义社会的生产力,(2分)有利于增强国家的综合国力,(2分)有利于提高人民的生活水平。(2分)计划生育是我国的一项基本国策,必须毫不动摇地长期坚持下去。(1分)

评分说明:答案一有四点,能从四个方面展开作答,答出三点可得9分,有独特见解加1分。如能答到答案二可得7分,结合材料有独特见解加3分。

题目分析:(1)①60岁以上人口首次超过2亿人,占比达到14.9%。预计2030年将达25%左右,到2050年左右,老年人口会达到4.4亿人左右的峰值,约占总人口的三分之一。通过这些数字可以得出材料一反映了我国人口老龄化的速度在加快。②我国在经济社会发展中遇到的许多问题都与人口基数大,增长快有直接的关系,所以说人口问题的本质是发展问题。

(2)二胎政策的落实从中国的国情出发,实行计划生育有利于发展社会主义社会的生产力,有利于增强国家的综合国力,有利于提高人民的生活水平。但计划生育是我国的一项基本国策,必须毫不动摇地长期坚持下去。

(2)二胎政策落实的意义。

单项选择题
完形填空
This story began when I was a child. I was born in     46   . Often we hadn’t enough to eat. When never we had some food, Mother often give me  her portion. While she was putting her rice into my bowl, she would say, “Eat this rice, son! I’m not   47   .
As I grew, Mother her    48   her spare time to    49  in a river near our house; she hoped that from the fish she caught, she could give me a little bit more     50  for my growth. Once she caught just two fish, she made fish soup. While I was eating the soup, Mother sat beside me and ate what was still kept on the    51   of the fish I had eaten. My heart was       52   when I saw it. So I gave the other fish to her but she immediately   53  it and said, “I don’t  54    like fish.”
Then, in order to pay for my    55    , Mother went to a match factory. This helped her get some money to cover my school fees. One wintry night I awoke to find Mother filling the matchboxes by candlelight.    56   I said, “Mother, go to sleep; it’s late; you can     57  working tomorrow.” Mother smiled and said, “Go to sleep, son! I’m not      58     .
When I had to sit my final examination, mother accompanied me. Mother    59    for me for hours in the heat of the sun. When the bell rang, I ran to    60   her. Mother give me a glass of tea that she had    61   . The tea was not as    62   as Mother’s love. Seeing Mother covered with sweat, I at once gave her my glass and asked her to   63  too. Mother said, “I’m not thirsty!”.
Now , I’m an employer and my     64   now is to work hard and to repay my mother for all the    65    that she gave me.
小题1:
A.poorB.specialC.weakD.happy
小题2:A worried          B. hungry         C. carless          D, foolish
小题3:
A.looked upB.set upC.gave upD.push up
小题4:
A.learnB.swimC.fishD.play
小题5:
A.tasteB.nutritionC.functionD.importance
小题6:
A.meatB.bowlC.plateD.bone
小题7:
A.movedB.excitedC.puzzledD.surprised
小题8:
A.doubtedB.acceptedC.refusedD.overlooked
小题9:
A.quietlyB.mostlyC.clearlyD.really
小题10:
A.educationB.healthC.careerD.experience
小题11:
A.AsB.SoC.UntilD.But
小题12:
A.stopB.beginC.continueD.enjoy
小题13:
A.coldB.sadC.sickD.tired
小题14:
A.waitedB.calledC.wentD.hunted
小题15:
A.greetB.helpC.askD.meet
小题16:
A.preparedB.boughtC.foundD.cleaned
小题17:
A.freeB.strongC.highD.hard
小题18:
A.changeB.drinkC.throwD.notice
小题19:
A.beliefB.wonderC.dreamD.work
小题20:
A.foodB.futureC.waterD.love