问题 填空题

下表是国家对“饮酒驾车”和“醉酒驾车”的界定标准:

饮酒驾车20毫克/100毫升≤血液中的酒精含量<80毫克/100毫升
醉酒驾车血液中的酒精含量≥80毫克/100毫升
白酒、红酒和啤酒中均含有乙醇(俗称酒精,化学式为C2H5OH),饮酒后酒精可进入人体血液中.请回答下列问题:

(1)一个乙醇分子中含______个氢原子:乙醇的相对分子质量为______(不要计算过程).

(2)饮酒会使人的中枢神经系统过度兴奋或麻痹抑制,容易引发交通事故.某人饮酒后驾车,被交警发现,经测定其每100毫升血液中酒精含量为93毫克,属于______驾车.

(3)在治理酒后驾车中,酒精检测仪发挥了重要作用.如图甲是酒精检测仪,图乙是检测仪的简化电路图,R0为定值电阻,R为气敏电阻(在其它条件相同时,电阻越大,电路中的电流就越小,千欧是电阻的一种单位),该电阻阻值与酒精气体含量的关系如图丙,如果图乙中电流表示数越大,说明司机吹出的气体中酒精含量就______.

答案

(1)根据乙醇的化学式C2H5OH可知,一个乙醇分子中含H原子的个数为5+1=6,乙醇的相对分子质量为:12×2+5+16+1=46.

故答案为:6,46.

(2)由已知条件可知,某人血液中酒精含量为93毫克∕100毫升>80毫克∕100毫升,对照图示可知,属于醉酒驾车.

故答案为:醉酒.

(3)由题意可知电阻越大,电路中的电流就越小,由丙图可知,电阻越大,酒精气体含量越小,因此可得,电路中的电流就越小,酒精气体含量越小,电路中的电流就越大,酒精气体含量越大.

故答案为:越大.

阅读理解

Ⅲ. 阅读(共两节,满分40分)

第一节   阅渎理解(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

It all began with a stop at a red light.

Philanthropy Kevin Salwen, a writer and entrepreneur in Atlanta, was driving his 14-year-old daughter, Hannah, back from a sleepover in 2006. While waiting at a traffic light, they saw a black Mercedes coupe on one side and a homeless man begging for food on the other.

“Dad, if that man had a less nice car, that man there could have a meal,” Hannah protested. The light changed and they drove on, but Hannah was too young to be reasonable. She pestered (纠缠) her parents about inequity, insisting that she wanted to do something.

“What do you want to do?” her mom responded. “Sell our house?”

Warning! Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager. Hannah seized upon the idea of selling the luxurious family home and donating half the money to charity, while using the other half to buy a more modest replacement home.

Eventually, that’s what the family did. The project — crazy, impetuous (鲁莽) and utterly inspiring — is written down in detail in a book by father and daughter scheduled to be published next month: “The Power of Half.” It’s a book that, frankly, I’d be nervous about leaving around where my own teenage kids might find it. An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.

At a time of enormous needs in Haiti and elsewhere, when so many Americans are trying to help Haitians by sending everything from text messages to shoes, the Salwens offer an example of a family that came together to make a difference — for themselves as much as the people they were trying to help. In a column a week ago, I described neurological(神经学的) evidence from brain scans that unselfishness lights up parts of the brain normally associated with more primary satisfaction such as food and sex. The Salwens’ experience confirms the selfish pleasures of selflessness.

Mr. Salwen and his wife, Joan, had always assumed that their kids would be better off in a bigger house. But after they downsized, there was much less space to retreat to, so the family members spent more time around each other. A smaller house unexpectedly turned out to be a more family-friendly house.

41. The best title of the passage should be__________.

A. The less , the better.             B. An unexpected satisfaction

C. Something we can live without    D. Somewhat crazy but inspiring

42. What does the word “inequity” most probably mean in the sentence?

A. unfairness     B. satisfaction      C. personal attitude    D. reasonable statement

43.The sentence “An impressionable child reads this, and the next thing you know your whole family is out on the street.” means _____.

A. When an unreasonable child reads the book, their house will disappear.

B. When an unreasonable child reads the book, he will ask his parents to sell their house.

C. When an unreasonable child reads this, the whole family will enjoy themselves in the street.

D. The child who likes to express himself will ask the whole family to enjoy the book outside.

44.Which of the following statements is true?

A. Mercedes coupe is only an ordinary car which is quite cheap.

B. Hannah asked her parents to do something charitable and they sold their house.

C. Unselfishness has nothing to do with people’s primary satisfaction.

D. Hannah’s parents felt regretted having sold the big house.

45.“Never suggest a grand gesture to an idealistic teenager.” means__________.

A. Never give a quick answer to an idealistic teenager.

B. Don’t respond to a child’s demands firmly without consideration.

C. Give an answer if the child is reasonable.

D. Unless the child is realistic otherwise never give an answer immediately

单项选择题