问题 问答题 简答题

根据需求和供给弹性理论,卫生服务领域属于哪一种弹性类型?阐述理由!

答案

参考答案:

(一)需求价格弹性:如果某种医疗服务是在很大程度上影响健康和生命的必需性医疗服务,那么该种服务的需求量对价格变化的反应较弱,其需求价格弹性较小,如果是一些不涉及生命和健康的诸如整形外科手术等特需服务,其需求价格弹性相对较大,因为其价格的变动对于需求的影响较大。一般来讲,基本医疗服务价格弹性比较小,特需卫生服务价格弹性比较大。

(二)供给价格弹性:与一般商品(服务)相比,卫生服务因其过多的行政管制、高度的专业技术性、与其它行业的低兼容性等特点,从总体来说是缺乏弹性的,即卫生服务供给量对价格变动的敏感程度较低。

与高技术含量卫生服务相比,低技术含量卫生服务供给弹性相对较大;与卫生人力相比,医疗设备的供给弹性相对较大;与高成本医疗设备相比,低成本医疗设备的供给弹性相对较大;与特殊需要医疗服务相比,基本医疗服务的供给弹性相对较大。

单项选择题

Who to believe Nokia or Ericsson IBM or Sun Microsystems Microsoft or Siebel Rarely have the fortunes of technology companies appeared to differ so widely. Nokia, the world’s largest maker of mobile phones, this week reported better-than-expected sales for the latest quarter. holding out the prospect that its market share would soon reach new highs. By contrast, Ericsson, a rival, was full of gloom. Reporting bigger losses than expected, the company said that sales of its mobile phones were likely to tumble by 20% this year.

Motorola, another maker of mobile phones, is in a similar boat. On October 15th, the company reported a return to profit in its most recent period after a run of losses, but lowered its forecasts for the rest of the year and for 2003. Demand in wireless, broadband and semiconductors continued to slow, said the company. Unimpressed, investors marked down Motorola’s shares to a ten-year low.

The pattern of haves and have-nots is repeated in software too. While Microsoft was in chipper mood this week—revelling in a 26% increase in sales and a doubling of its profits after tax for the quarter to the end of September—Siebel Systems and PeopleSoft, two of America’s leading suppliers of business software, were down in the dumps. While PeopleSoft managed a modest profit, Siebel reported a loss for the last quarter and said it expected the present quarter to be equally tough. Despite (or because of) their contrasting fortunes, Microsoft and Siebel announced a joint marketing deal on October 21st: Microsoft is to sell Siebel’s customer-management software through. NET, its web-services product.

Why are some companies doing better than others One reason is that, now more than ever. those that are competitive seem to be punishing those that are not. Nokia has stretched its lead over Ericsson which, in addition to lower sales of mobile phones, has suffered from the severe fall in demand for telecoms infrastructure, its biggest business. There was. however, some good news for Ericsson’s shares on October 18th, when the company said that the infrastructure unit came close to breaking even in the most recent quarter.

Cost-cutting has also helped SAP, Europe’s largest developer of business software, has reduced its expenses by 8%. As a result, its margins have improved a lot compared with those of its competitors. Microsoft has employed different tactics. It has capitalized on customers’ fears that the cost of upgrading their software, such a s the company’s Windows XP operating system, could climb. Many have rushed to buy now in case prices rise. In tune with the times, Microsoi’t is also keen to demonstrate how its products can save its customers money. Understandably, this is winning its sales.

By saying "Motorola is in a similar boat", the author means ().

A. Motorola is another maker of mobile phones

B. Motorola is in a similar situation with that of Ericsson

C. Motorola is faced with similar rivals with those of Ericsson

D. Motorola is a partner of Ericsson

单项选择题 A1/A2型题