问题 解答题

某农户2000年承包荒山若干亩,投资7800元改造后,种果树2000棵.今年水果总产量为18000千克,此水果在市场上每千克售a元,在果园每千克售b元(b<a).该农户将水果拉到市场出售平均每天出售1000千克,需8人帮忙,每人每天付工资25元,农用车运费及其他各项税费平均每天100元.

(1)分别用a,b表示两种方式出售水果的收入.

(2)若a=1.3元,b=1.1元,且两种出售水果方式都在相同的时间内售完全部水果,请你通过计算说明选择哪种出售方式较好.

(3)该农户加强果园管理,力争到明年纯收入达到15000元,而且该农户采用了(2)中较好的出售方式出售,那么纯收入增长率是多少(纯收入=总收入﹣总支出)?

答案

解:(1)将这批水果拉到市场上出售收入为

18000a﹣×8×25﹣×100

=18000a﹣3600﹣1800

=18000a﹣5400(元).

答:在果园直接出售收入为18000b元.

(2)当a=1.3时,市场收入为18000a﹣5400=18000×1.3﹣5400=18000(元).

当b=1.1时,果园收入为18000b=18000×1.1=19800(元).

因为18000<19800,所以应选择在果园出售.

(3)因为今年的纯收入为19800﹣7800=12000,

所以×100%=25%,

所以增长率为25%.

单项选择题

Senator Barack Obama likes to joke that the battle for the Democratic presidential nomination has been going on so long, babies have been born, and they’ re already walking and talking. That’s nothing. The battle between the sciences and the humanities has been going on for so long, its early participants have stopped walking and talking, because they’re already dead.

It’s been some 50 years since the physicist-turned-novelist C. P. Snow delivered his famous "Two Cultures" lecture at the University of Cambridge, in which he decried the "gulf of mutual incomprehension", the "hostility and dislike" that divided the world’s "natural scientists", its chemists, engineers, physicists and biologists, from its "literary intellectuals", a group that, by Snow’s reckoning, included pretty much everyone who wasn’t a scientist. His critique set off a frenzy of desperation that continues to this day, particularly’in the United States, as educators, policymakers and other observers lament the Balkanization of knowledge, the scientific illiteracy of the general public and the chronic academic turf wars that are all too easily lampooned.

Yet a few scholars believe that the cultural chasm can be bridged and the sciences and the humanities united into a powerful new discipline that would apply the strengths of both mindsets, the quantitative and qualitative, to a wide array of problems. Among the most ambitious of these exercises in fusion thinking is a program under development at Binghamton University in New York called the New Humanities Initiative.

Jointly conceived by David Sloan Wilson, a professor of biology, and Leslie Heywood, a professor of English, the program is intended to build on some of the themes explored in Dr. Wilson’s evolutionary studies program, which has proved enormously popular with science and nonscience majors alike, and which he describes in the recently published "Evolution for Everyone". In Dr. Wilson’s view, evolutionary biology is a discipline that, to be done right, demands a crossover approach, the capacity to think in narrative and abstract terms simultaneously, so why not use it as a template for emulsifying the two cultures generally "There are more similarities than differences between the humanities and the sciences, and some of the stereotypes have to be altered," Dr. Wilson said, "Darwin, for example, established his entire evolutionary theory on the basis of his observations of natural history, and most of that information was qualitative, not quantitative. "

As he and Dr. Heywood envision the program, courses under the New Humanities rubric would be offered campus-wide, in any number of departments, including history, literature, philosophy, sociology, law and business. The students would be introduced to basic scientific tools like statistics and experimental design and to liberal arts staples like the importance of analyzing specific texts or documents closely, identifying their animating ideas and comparing them with the texts of other immortal minds.

By citing the example of Darwin, Dr. Wilson intends to show that()

A. qualitative information is more valuable than quantitative observations

B. it is preferable to take the mutual advantage of science and humanities

C. science has more similarities rather than differences than humanities

D. scientists should base their theory on qualitative information

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