问题 读图填空题

互花米草是多年生草本植物,原产北美洲,由于有意引入和无意传播,目前在我国大部分省市的滨海湿地分布广泛,严重影响了当地植物的生存。科学家以某湿地的本地芦苇和互花米草为研究对象,在实验室中进行了相关的研究。请分析回答:

(1)当其他条件均适宜时,互花米草和芦苇在不同光照强度和CO2浓度条件下的净光合速率如图甲、图乙所示。

据图甲分析,在光照强度为800μmol/(m2·s)的条件下,当CO2浓度超过400μmol/mol时,限制互花米草净光合速率增加的外界因素最可能是___________________。据图乙分析,影响芦苇净光合速率变化的外界因素是_____________。比较图甲和图乙,当CO2浓度为800μmol/mol时,光照强度的变化对_______的净光合速率影响较大。

(2)据图丙可知,随着实验容器中CO2浓度的升高,互花米草和芦苇的呼吸速率均呈现下降趋势,这可能是由于容器中O2浓度降低,主要是抑制了植物细胞________________的某一阶段所致,此阶段发生的场所是_________。比较A、B两条曲线,当CO2浓度超过400μmol/mol时,随着CO2浓度升高,__________。

(3)科学家调查了该湿地滩涂自然植被分布情况,大致为:中潮滩下缘和低潮滩分布藻类植物,中潮滩上半部和高潮滩分布海三棱蔗草,高潮滩上半部为芦苇带,这种分布体现了群落在__________上具有分层现象。

(4)互花米草由于具有促淤造陆的功能而被引入,引入后主要分布在芦苇带,它与芦苇之间的关系表现为___________。作为入侵植物,它最终会导致湿地生态系统生物多样性_____________。

答案

(1)光照强度    光照强度和CO2浓度     芦苇

(2)有氧呼吸    线粒体内膜     互花米草的呼吸速率降幅大于芦苇

(3)垂直结构

(4)竞争    减小

完形填空
完形填空。
    
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