问题 阅读理解

Legend has it that an apple which fell from its branches was the inspiration for Sir Isaac Newton’s discovery of gravity(引力). But now history’s famous fruit tree is paying the price of fame.                            

The thousands of visitors drawn to Sir Isaac’s childhood home each year could be damaging the tree. A willow barrier(围栏)has been put around the tree. It means visitors to the 17th century Woolsthorpe Manor, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, will no longer be able to sit under its branches as Newton was said to have been doing in 1665 when “the notion of gravitation came to mind.”

The National Trust, which owns the small manor(庄园)where Newton was born in 1642, said the 2ft-high barrier was designed to preserve the tree. Official Ann Moynihan said there had been no damage so far but warned that there could soon be a problem.“Visitor numbers have gone up by around 50 percent, to 33,000 a year in three years. The more people who visit, the more the earth will become compacted(压实) around the tree and over the roots. We just want to preserve the tree for another 400 years if we can.”She said visitors will still be able to take apples from the tree.

Visitor Chris Gwyther,37,said,“I suppose it is a pity that you can’t sit under the tree like Newton. But you can still see it and the tree is 400 years old, it needs saving for the future.”

Newton left no information saying he had been inspired by a falling apple. The story appeared in a book by French philosopher Voltaire published in 1727, the year Newton died at the age of 84.

小题1:Why do people go to Woolsthorpe Manor to see the apple tree?

A.Because of the story about the apple tree.

B.Because of the long history of the apple tree.

C.Because of the sweetness of the apple.

D.Because of the unusual flower of the apple tree.小题2:What is the reason that people can’t sit under the tree like Newton?

A.The manor is too crowded to sit around.

B.Their heads will be hit by the apples.

C.A willow barrier has been put around the tree.

D.There is something wrong with the apple tree.小题3:The underlined word preserve means “_____”.

A.keep something safe

B.make something grow

C.leave something as it is

D.let something be小题4:When did Newton have the inspiration for the discovery of gravity?

A.In 1642.

B.In 1665.

C.In 1820.

D.In 1727. 小题5:Which of the following sentences is true?

A.Newton himself wrote a letter about the story of the apple tree.

B.Newton’s family owes Woolsthorpe Manor and tells the story.

C.Visitor numbers have gone up to 32,000 every year.

D.A French philosopher wrote the apple tree story in a book.

答案

小题1:A

小题2:C

小题3:A

小题4:B

小题5:D

题目分析:这篇短文中作者主要描述了牛顿根据苹果落地得出地球引力的那颗苹果树的遭遇,以及人们为了保护那颗苹果树所作出的努力以及关于牛顿发现引力与这棵树的渊源关系。

小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第五段最后一句话 The story appeared in a book by French philosopher Voltaire published in 1727, the year Newton died at the age of 84.可知人们来参观苹果树的原因归功于描述这棵特殊苹果树的故事;故选A。

小题2:细节理解题。根据短文第二段A willow barrier(围栏)has been put around the tree. It means visitors to the 17th century Woolsthorpe Manor, near Grantham, Lincolnshire, will no longer be able to sit under its branches 可知,因为围栏的存在阻止了人们继续坐在苹果树下像牛顿那样遐想了;故选C。

小题3:词义猜测题。根据短文第三段the 2ft-high barrier was designed to preserve the tree.和后面的there had been no damage so far可知,设置围栏的作用是为了保护树木的安全的;故选A。

小题4:细节理解题。根据短文第二段...as Newton was said to have been doing in 1665 when “the notion of gravitation came to mind.”可知,牛顿是在1665年发现地球引力的;故选B。

小题5:推理判断题。根据短文最后一句话 The story appeared in a book by French philosopher Voltaire published in 1727, the year Newton died at the age of 84.可知关于苹果树故事的书信不是牛顿写的,也没有描述是牛顿的家人拥有这个庄园叙述的这个故事,第三段Visitor numbers have gone up by around 50 percent, to 33,000 a year in three years.可C项的描述也不相吻合;故选D。

单项选择题
单项选择题

(三)阅读下面短文,回答问题  去年在南方,终于见识了从小听说的滕王阁。  那天一同登阁的朋友中,有老书家某先生。眼望秋水长天,大家心情舒畅,我随口向老先生求教,从纸到墨,听他讲文房四宝的奥妙。  滕王阁已翻盖一新,阁中层层店铺林立。看见摆的镇纸光色新鲜,盘算是否也买一对。如今作家少文,个个的字都如鸡飞狗趴。我也一样,偶尔写字,怨笔赖墨,而且只有一把英吉沙匕首压纸。足踏着滕王阁的地板,心里寻思,这镇纸只卖十多块,不能说好,但是有落霞孤鹜的字儿,带回一对也算个纪念。  老先生却摇头,以为粗瓷生铜,不值一顾。他说江西书家的案上,没有这种次货,也不使菜刀压纸。镇纸多用檀木自制。我说我的字哪里要什么镇纸,砖头石头,有一块足矣。老先生沉吟半晌,说,我给你做一对吧。  囊匣装着的镇纸被捎来北京时,我正在读一个小说。  急忙掀开囊匣盖子,只见一双白润的檀木,静静躺在紫红的绒布里。真是性灵南国,书 法家还做细木工!抚着满掌光洁,脑中现出柔润檀木划过宣纸的感觉。  怀着一丝谢意,握着镇纸继续读。小说的主人公,正迎面着他第二次的被捕。小说是我的一个朋友写的,历历细微的,满篇都是他在“ * * ”时的苦难遭遇。我用白檀木唰地一划,翻过下一页。  这篇小说,其实是因了我的怂恿,朋友才勉强写了出来。他是个内向的家伙,文字轻描 淡写,但骨子透出凄凉。压力和逆旅,使我们都敏感了,读着我想。  檀木握久了以后,光滑中沁出了一种冰凉。我想快些翻完这篇小说,好给江西的老前辈回信。可是故事却正在有趣处,不由我不先读完。警察监视他的房东,审讯他的女友,他把头上的一张大网,写得纲举目张。  一瞬间我意识到手中的镇纸。掂了一掂,觉得挺沉。确实,檀木决非杨柳杂属,不显形骸,不露纹理。这么一想再掂掂手里小说,突然感觉我辈的感情娇嫩。不是么,以前我的那些劳什子,不更是又嫩又酸么。  丢开小说,摩挲着檀木镇纸,心里不禁佩服。世间最不外露的,怕就是这光洁之物了。其实当初斧子劈锛子凿,它的内里该都是坑疤。人也一样,每逢出事,当事人处当时,都要让肉长的心迎着刀刃,哪怕它伤痕累累。  囊匣下面,覆着一条墨纸,我取出来一看,原来是老者的题字:  直木顶千斤 江西民谚  趁着一时感悟,我提笔兑墨,用这一对白檀木压住纸边。想了半天,编了两句,哪管字迹蠢劣,与江西老者唱和了一张:  生若直木,不语斧凿  我想,事物都大致雷同,无论一茎枯草,一头弱牛。政治的伤害比起永恒的大自然和长流的历史,比起存活下来的民众,是那么渺小。除了我们,被笔墨染了一身毛病的人,大家都不去炫耀自家伤痕。而且,大都是心广意宽,如打磨光滑的檀木镇纸,像穿了新衣裳的农民,干净漂亮地活下来。 (选自《张承志散文选生若直木》,人民文学出版社,2005)

下面对文章内容的理解和概括,不恰当的是

A.作者借镇纸来“镇文”,以檀木的木讷坚韧和感情娇嫩的“我辈”对照,批评夸张矫饰、无病呻吟的文风

B.文章通过对老者所赠的檀木镇纸的感触与阅读一篇小说的感想的对照,思考人应该如何面对心灵的伤痕

C.历史上政治的伤害,与自然的修复力量比起来,微不足道.只要本质坚强,人就能光洁漂亮地使政治的伤害自然愈合

D.作者欣赏檀木镇纸的“不语斧凿”,肯定不炫耀自家伤痕,心广意宽,干净漂亮地活下来,力量更强大,精神更健康