问题 选择题

新奥地利学派代表性人物冯·米塞斯指出“没有经济计算的经济体制必定资源配置失误,效率低下。而市场经济是以私有制为基础的,这符合人利己的本性。人的理性会根据自己的利益做出使用自己拥有的资源的决策,在市场机制的引导之下,这些分散的决策会使整个社会的资源配置实现最优。”可见,这一观点主张

①应该加强政府干预,提高资源配置效率  ②体现了市场经济的自发性、滞后性

③私有制是最有效率、最符合人性的制度  ④由“看不见的手”引导社会资源合理配置

A.①②

B.①④

C.③④

D.②③

答案

答案:C

题目分析:材料中的观点强调了“市场经济是以私有制为基础的,这符合人利己的本性”,这种观点认为私有制是最有效率、最符合人性的制度;“在市场机制的引导之下,这些分散的决策会使整个社会的资源配置实现最优”强调了由“看不见的手”引导社会资源合理配置,选C。材料强调了市场的作用,而没有强调政府的干预,①②不合题意。

填空题
阅读理解

In real life, the daily struggles between parents and children are around these narrow problems of an extra hour, extra TV show, and so on” said Avi Sadeh, psychology professor at Tel Aviv University. “Too little sleep and more accidents,” he said.

Sadeh and his colleagues found an extra hour of sleep can make a big difference. The children who slept longer, although they woke up more frequently during the night, scored higher on tests, Sadeh reported in the March/April issue of journal Child Development.

“When the children slept longer, their sleep quality was somewhat weak, but in spite of this their performance for study improved because the extra sleep was more significant than the reduction in sleep quality. ” Sadeh said. “Some studies suggested that lack of sleep as a child affects development into adulthood and it’s more likely to develop their attention disorder when they grow older. ”

In earlier studies, Sadeh’s team found that fourth graders slept an average of 8. 2 hours and sixth graders slept an average of 7. 7 hours.

“Previous research has shown children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night on a regular basis, said Carl Hunt, director of the National Center on Sleep Disorders Research in Bethesda, and high-school-age children need somewhat less, he said, adding the results of insufficient sleep could be serious.

“A tired child is an accident waiting to happen,” Hunt said. “And as kids get older, toys get bigger and the risks higher. ”Hunt also said too little sleep could result in learning and memory problems and long-term effects on school performance.

“This is an important extension of what we already know, ” Hunt said of Sadeh’s research, adding sleep is as important as nutrition(营养) and exercise to good health.

“To put it into reality,” Hunt said, “parents should make sure they know when their children actually are going to sleep and their rooms are conducive to sleeping instead of playing. ”

小题1:What is Child Development?

A A new story                       B A popular book

C. A periodical magazine               D A TV programme

小题2:How many persons are exactly mentioned in the text?

A One          B Two         C Three           D Four

小题3:The underlined phrase “conducive to” (in the last sentence) means ________.

A helping to happen                 B influenced by

C full of                              D acceptable of

小题4:Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A.There are some daily struggles between parents and children because of having nothing in common with extra rest time.

B.The children who sleep longer are weak in their study.

C.Lack of sleep as a child has great effect on their development into adulthood.

D.In general, children in elementary school need at least nine hours of sleep a night.