问题 选择题

中国传统文化中的五行学说认为世界的本原在于五行(木、火、土、金、水),并以五行之间的生克关系来阐释事物之间的制约关系,认为任何事物都不是孤立的、静止的,而是在不断的相生相克的运动之中维持着协调平衡。这种观点

①认为世界统一于物质的具体形态

②在世界本原问题上的回答具有合理性

③包含有朴素的联系观点和发展观点

④是唯心主义世界观和方法论的体现

A.①②③

B.②③④

C.①③④

D.①②④

答案

答案:A

中国传统文化中的五行学说有一个发生、发展的过程。最初,这一理论是用来解释自然现象的,亦即试题材料所引述的相关观点,属于朴素唯物主义。后来这一自然观被贯穿到社会历史领域,建立起“五德终始”的历史观,又扩展到社会生活领域,用阴阳五行来解释和预测为人间的凶吉灾异,则具有明显的客观唯心主义倾向。解题时要依据材料,把早期作为自然观的五行学说与其后来在社会历史、社会生活领域的演变区别开来。

单项选择题
阅读理解

Most people agree that it’s important to have a sense of humour. Having the ability to laugh can help one overcome anxiety, and make better decisions in difficult situations. People with a well-developed sense of humour appear to be happier, and some are healthier as well. This suggests that having a sense of humour is good for you. Humourless people may find themselves being treated as a fool, and become anxious and upset.

A sense of humour also plays an important role in human relationships. However, not everyone has a sense of humour. People with developmental disabilities (发展性能力丧失) can sometimes have no sense of humour, or have a very strange one.

A number of factors affect a person’s sense of humour, with the age probably being the main one. Young children are often highly amused by simple jokes or shows, while teenagers prefer to enjoy the ironic (讽刺的) events. Educational level, culture, and religious faith also affect one’s sense of humour. While Christians, for example, may have a deep appreciation of jokes about the Bible, others may find them disrespectful.

Many people believe that a sense of humour is something that develops on its own, and that you cannot teach someone to understand why jokes, certain comments, situations or events are funny. However, things can be done to enhance one’s sense of humour. Children, for example, benefit from being told jokes and encouraged to laugh, although some children’s jokes might seem rather strange to adults. If you have children, try to encourage them to tell jokes and think about what makes things funny. And it will help them develop a sense of humour.

小题1:The purpose of the passage is to _______.

A.explain what influences a person’s sense of humour

B.tell readers the importance of being healthy

C.explain how to make better decisions

D.tell readers how to understand jokes小题2:What does the underlined word in Paragraph 4 "enhance" probably mean?

A.Enjoy.

B.Reduce.

C.Improve.

D.Prevent.小题3:According to the passage, which of the following doesn’t influence one’s sense of humour?

A.Culture.

B.Age.

C.Educational level.

D.Family backgrounds.