问题 选择题

不考虑重力作用,从t=0时刻开始,下列各种随时间变化的电场中哪些能使原来静止的带电粒子做单向直线运动(  )

答案

AC

分析:本题的关键是根据场强度的变化情况分析加速度的变化情况,再分析粒子的运动情况,根据加速度的对称性找到速度为零的时刻,只要粒子的速度方向不改变,粒子就做单一方向的运动。

解答:粒子仅受电场力作用, 

A、由图象可知:在0 -  的过程中,粒子做加速度为 的匀加速直线运动,在 – T 的过程中,粒子做加速度为- 的匀减速直线运动,T时刻速度刚好减为零,然后重复刚才的运动,所以A是做单一方向的直线运动;

B、由图象可知:在0 -  的过程中,粒子做加速度为 的匀加速直线运动,在的过程中,粒子做加速度为 的匀减速直线运动,则在 时刻速度为零,此后反方向运动时间,所以B不是做单一方向的直线运动;

C、由图象可知:在0 -  的过程中,粒子做加速度越来越小的变加速运动,在- T的过程中,粒子做加速度越来越大的变减速运动,由于加速度具有对称性,所以T时刻速度刚好减为零,然后重复刚才的运动,所以C是做单一方向的直线运动;

D、由图象可知:在0 -   的过程中,粒子做加速度加速度越来越小的变加速运动,在 -  过程中,粒子做加速度越来越大的变减速运动,由于加速度具有对称性,所以 时刻速度刚好减为零, -  过程中加速度为负值,所以粒子反向做加速度运来越小的变加速运动,所以D不是做单一方向的直线运动。故选AC。

单项选择题 A1/A2型题
单项选择题

The history of African—Americans during the past 400 years is traditionally narrated (1) an ongoing struggle against (2) and indifference on the part of the American mainstream, and a struggle (3) as an upward movement is (4) toward ever more justice and opportunity.

Technology in and of (5) is not at fault; it’s much too simple to say that gunpowder or agricultural machinery or fiber optics (6) been the enemy of an (7) group of people. A certain machine is put (8) work in a certain way—the purpose (9) which it was designed. The people who design the machines are not intent on unleashing chaos; they are usually trying to (10) a task more quickly, cleanly, or cheaply, (11) the imperative of innovation and efficiency that has ruled Western civilization (12) the Renaissance.

Mastery of technology is second only (13) money as the true measure of accomplishment in this country, and it is very likely that by (14) this under-representation in the technological realm, and by not questioning and examining the folkways that have (15) it, blacks are allowing. (16) to be kept out of the mainstream once again. This time, however, they will be (17) from the greatest cash engine of the twenty-first century. Inner-city blacks in particular are in danger, and the beautiful suburbs (18) ring the decay of Hartford, shed the past and learn to exist without contemplating or encountering the tragedy of the inner city.

And blacks must change as well. The ways that (19) their ancestors through captivity and coming to freedom have begun to loose their utility. If blacks (20) to survive as full participants in this society, they have to understand what works now.

19()

A.servicing

B.encircle

C.encircling

D.served