问题 单项选择题

关于肺泡蛋白沉积症的诊断,下述哪项最有价值()

A.血尿和脓尿

B.Kveim试验阳性

C.ACE升高

D.糖原PAS染色阳性

E.尿钙升高

答案

参考答案:D

单项选择题

The Chinese of 3,500 years ago believed that the earth was a chariot, and the sky like a curved canopy stretched above it. The canopy was nine layers thick, and it sloped slightly to the northwest, as a cataclysm had broken one of its supporting columns. This gentle slope explained the movement of the stars from east to west.

Ancient Chinese astronomy could be accurately described as _________.
A. entirely religious in nature B. based on legendary figures
C. advantages in some areas D. completely unsuccessful

According to these ancient Chinese beliefs, the sun spent the night on earth and ascended to the sky each morning from the luminous valley of the east by climbing the branches of an immensely tall sacred tree. To the Chinese people, the sun was the incarnation of goodness, beauty, and truth. In popular imagination, the sun was represented as a cock that little by little assumed human form. His battles with the dragons, which personified evil in their beliefs, accounted for the momentary disappearances of the sun that men now call eclipses. Many of the Chinese people worshiped the sun, but in the vast and complicated organization of the Chinese gods, the sun was of only secondary importance.Along with these unsophisticated beliefs about the sun, the Chinese evolved a science of astronomy based upon observation——though essentially religious——which enabled them to predict eclipses of the sun and the movements of the stars. Such predictions were based on calculations made by using a gnomon——an object whose shadow could be used as a measure, as with a sundial or simpler shadow pointers. Moreover, with the naked eye, the Chinese observed sunspot, a phenomenon not then known to their contemporaries.

单项选择题

美国科学家声称,每人生来有两个脑,即颅脑与肠脑。肠脑位于食管、胃脏、小肠与结肠内层组织的鞘中,含有神经细胞、神经传递质、蛋白质和复杂的环行线路。结肠炎、过敏性肠炎综合症等都与肠脑内产生的问题有关。肠脑中几乎能找到颅脑赖以运转和控制的所有物质,如血清素、多巴胺、谷氨酸、去甲肾上腺素、一氧化氮等。此外,肠脑中还存在多种被称为神经肽的脑蛋白、脑啡肽以及对神经起显著作用的化学物质。颅脑面临惊恐时释出的应激激素会冲击胃脏产生痉挛;惊恐又引起交感神经影响肠脑的血清素分泌量。应激激素过分刺激还会导致腹泻。当情绪压抑时,食管神经受到高度刺激会感到吞咽困难;颅脑释出的应激激素还会改变胃脏与食管间的神经功能,导致胃灼热。最初的脑神经系统起始于管形动物,生存竞争需要更复杂的颅脑,从而发展了中枢神经系统。重要的肠神经系统不能进入头颅与胃肠相联,而为了适应高级动物进食和消化的需要,自然法则就保存了有独立功能的肠神经系统。就人而言,早期胚胎发育中产生的神经脊,一部分进入了中枢神经系统,另一部分变成肠神经系统,通过迷走神经连接两者——颅脑和肠脑。

根据文意,下列说法不正确的是()

A.本文主要讲了肠脑和颅脑的不可分割与相互依赖

B.早期的胚胎发育中,迷走神经连接肠脑和颅脑

C.中枢神经系统的发展是生存竞争的需要

D.颅脑中几乎能找到肠脑赖以运转和控制的所有物质