女性，24岁，孕32周，常规产前检查，血清抗HIV抗体阳性，对于此患者处理不恰当的是（）
A.在孕38周后及胎膜未破前选择性剖宫产能明显降低HIV母婴间的传播率
B.齐多夫定100mg，每日5次口服，临产后可改为静脉点滴直至分娩
C.新生儿出生后8小时开始口服齐多夫定
D.产后新生儿人工喂养
E.新生儿立即接种卡介苗
参考答案：E
解析：卡介苗是一种减毒的活菌疫苗，艾滋病病毒感染的婴儿由于免疫力下降，可能不能控制这种减毒的活菌在体内的繁殖，造成婴儿发生感染，所以暂不接种卡介苗直至检查未感染HIV后。
| Passage one Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage. It’s a brand new world—a world built around brands. Hard-charging, noise-making, culture-shaping brands are everywhere. They’re on supermarket shelves, of course, but also in business plans for network company startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating (渗透) people’s everyday lives—by sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms. We live in an age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonald’s open kiosks (小亭) in elementary school lunchrooms. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspect of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny—and an inevitable backlash by consumers. "Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing and that has real implications for citizenship," says author and activist Naomi Klien. "It’s important for any healthy culture to have public space—a place where people are treated as citizens instead of as consumers. We’ve completely lost that space." Since the mid-1980s, as more and more companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas, Starbucks isn’t selling coffee; it’s selling community! Those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns. To pay for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefit (such as health insurance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary—even though these jobs are usually held by adults who are trying to support families. The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas. |
What is the author’s attitude towards the massive expansion of marketing campaigns
A．Positive.
B．Negative.
C．Neutral.
D．Indifference.