问题 解答题

如图A、B、C、D、E是常见的五种动物,据图回答下列问题:

(1)上述动物的受精作用在水中完成的有______,能保持体温恒定的有______(均填代号).

(2)B的身体覆盖有______,具有保护和支持内部柔软器官、防止水分蒸发等作用.

(3)C的消化道上有发达的______,这与它的食草生活相适应.

(4)E的______发达,能有力地牵动两翼完成飞行动作;它的身体内有发达的______与肺相通,有贮存空气,协助呼吸的作用.

答案

(1)、A是两栖动物,水中产卵,水中受精,是变温动物;B是蝗虫,属于节肢动物,体外有外骨骼,具有保护和支持内部柔软器官、防止水分蒸发等作用,适于生活在陆地上,其产卵、受精都脱离了水的限制,变温动物;C是哺乳动物,E是鸟类,都生活在陆地上,其产卵、受精都脱离了水的限制,恒温动物;D是鱼类,生活在水中,产卵和受精都在水中进行,变温动物.因此,上述动物的受精作用在水中完成的有A、D,能保持体温恒定的有C、E.

(2)、由(1)可知,B是蝗虫,属于节肢动物,体外有外骨骼,具有保护和支持内部柔软器官、防止水分蒸发等作用.

(3)、C是家兔,是草食性的动物,其盲肠发达,适于消化难消化的植物纤维,是与它的食草生活相适应的.

(4)、E鸟类多数营飞行生活,其特点是与其生活相适应的,如鸟类的胸肌发达,能有力地牵动两翼完成飞行动作;它的身体内有发达的气囊,与肺相通,有贮存空气的作用,能辅助完成双重呼吸,为飞行提供充足的氧气.

故答案为:(1)A、D;C、E

(2)外骨骼

(3)盲肠

(4)胸肌;气囊

选择题
阅读理解

A long time ago, before human beings lived on the earth, little coral polyps(水螅)settled around tropical (热带的)coastlines and constructed corals. Over a long period they created lots of reefs. Yet, pollution, climate change and commercial fisheries are limiting the chance of future generations knowing or seeing many of the reefs and sea creatures that exist. Hence, take action to dive now and you can explore the underwater world.

Commercial underwater diving began in ancient Greece. Diving in general means that the whole body is completely in water. On that account there are lots of exciting and quite adventurous ways to dive, like shark cage diving, scuba diving(戴水肺潜水)and reef diving.

There are great coral reefs all over the world, but usually they are situated in warm, clear water such as the Pacific and the Indian Ocean, where they grow best. This is why there are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa. However, South Africa’s east coast offers much brightly coloured sea life.

In South Africa more than 100,000 dives a year are made just in coral reefs, which are one of the natural wonders of the world. To see the whole beauty of the reef the right diving gear(设备) is an essential requirement. This means a perfect fitting diving mask and fins, as well as a snorkel(呼吸管)and a friend. Diving alone is dangerous because there may be strong currents you are not aware of, and it’s a lot more fun to share the experience with someone. However, before you can explore the deeper sea, a certificated and checked scuba, a wetsuit and of course a license will be needed. Whether you choose the snorkel or the scuba to spot the colourful underwater world, try to touch as little as possible, be careful with the corals and don’t strike the fishes, because the complex ecosystem is very sensitive.

小题1:The following factors probably affect coral reefs EXCEPT ________.

A.sea creatures

B.pollution

C.fishing

D.climate change小题2:Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A.Human beings appeared before corals were created.

B.One needs a license to dive into the deeper sea.

C.Diving alone has many advantages.

D.The origin of diving is in modern Greece.小题3:There are no coral reefs on the west coast of South Africa probably because of a lack of ________.

A.large waters and soft sand

B.warm currents and delicious food

C.friendly creatures and flat seabed

D.clear water and suitable temperature小题4:The last paragraph mainly tells us ________.

A.diving alone under the sea is rather dangerous

B.some matters we need pay attention to when diving

C.South Africa is a popular place for diving

D.what we should wear when diving