问题 选择题

如图所示,电源电压18V,且保持不变,电流表接“0~0.6A”量程,电压表接“0~15V”量程,灯泡上标有“6V 3W”字样,不考虑温度对灯丝电阻的影响,则下列计算正确的是(   )

A.灯泡正常发光时的电流0.2A

B.当电流表的示数为0.4A时,电压表的示数为4.8V

C.为了保证电路的安全,滑动变阻器允许接入的最大阻值为36Ω

D.为了保证电路的安全,滑动变阻器允许接入的最小电阻是24Ω

答案

答案:D

题目分析:A. 灯泡上标有“6V 3W”字样指的是灯泡的额定电压,额定功率,故灯光正常发光时的电流:

,故选项A错误;

B.灯泡与滑动变阻器串联在电路中,电流表测电路中电流,电压表测滑动变阻器两端电压。要求电压表示数要先求出灯泡两端电压,再用电源电压减去灯泡两端电压即可。灯泡的电阻:

当电流是0.4A时,灯泡两端的实际电压:

电压表的示数:

保证电路安全就是要注意电表不能超过所选的量程,电流不能超过灯泡的额定电流或灯泡两端的电压不超过其额定电压。

C.当滑动变阻器的阻值变大时,电路中的电流会变小,电压表的示数会变大,故电压表有被烧坏的可能,为了保护电压表,当电压表的示数为量程时(即15V),滑动变阻器的电阻最大。先计算出灯泡两端电压,再计算出电路中的电流,最后计算出滑动变阻器接入电路中的最大电阻。

灯泡两端电压:

电路中的电流:

滑动变阻器接入电路中的最大阻值:

D.当滑动变阻器的阻值变小时,电路中的电流会变大,电压表的示数会变小,故电流表或灯泡有被烧坏的可能,先比较电流表的量程(0-0.6A)和灯泡的额定电流(0.5A),发现灯泡的额定电流小于电流表的量程,故为了保护灯泡,电路中的最大电流不超过0.5A。先计算出当电路中的电流是0.5A时电路中的总电阻,再减去灯泡的电阻就可得到滑动变阻器接入电路中的最小电阻。

当电路中的电流是0.5A时,电路的总电阻:

滑动变阻器接入电路中的最小阻值:,故选项D正确。

单项选择题
单项选择题

Soon after his appointment as secretary-general of the United Nations in 1997, Kofi Annan lamented that he was being accused of failing to reform the world body in six weeks. "But what are you complaining about" asked the Russian ambassador. "You’ve had more time than God." Ah, Mr. Annan quipped back, "but God had one big advantage. He worked alone without a General Assembly, a Security Council and [all] the committees."

Recounting that anecdote to journalists in New York this week, Mr. Annan sought to explain why a draft declaration on UN reform and tackling world poverty, due to be endorsed by some 150 heads of state and government at a world summit in the city on September 14th-16th, had turned into such a pale shadow of the proposals that he himself had put forward in March. "With 191 member states", he sighed, "it’s not easy to get an agreement."

Most countries put the blame on the United States, in the form of its abrasive new ambassador, John Bolton, for insisting at the end of August on hundreds of last-minute amendments and a line-by-line renegotiation of a text most others had thought was almost settled. But a group of middle-income developing nations, including Pakistan, Cuba, Iran, Egypt, Syria and Venezuela, also came up with plenty of last-minute changes of their own. The risk of having no document at all, and thus nothing for the world’s leaders to come to New York for, was averted only by marathon all-night and all-weekend talks.

The 35-page final document is not wholly devoid of substance. It calls for the creation of a Peacebuilding Commission to supervise the reconstruction of countries after wars; the replacement of the discredited UN Commission on Human Rights by a supposedly tougher Human Rights Council; the recognition of a new "responsibility to protect" peoples from genocide and other atrocities when national authorities fail to take action, including, if necessary, by force; and an "early" reform of the Security Council. Although much pared down, all these proposals have at least survived.

Others have not. Either they proved so contentious that they were omitted altogether, such as the sections on disarmament and non-proliferation and the International Criminal Court, or they were watered down to little more than empty platitudes. The important section on collective security and the use of force no longer even mentions the vexed issue of pre-emptive strikes; meanwhile the section on terrorism condemns it "in all its forms and manifestations, committed by whomever, wherever and for whatever purposes", but fails to provide the clear definition the Americans wanted.

Both Mr. Annan and, more surprisingly, George Bush have nevertheless sought to put a good face on things, with Mr. Annan describing the summit document as "an important step forward" and Mr. Bush saying the UN had taken "the first steps" towards reform. Mr. Annan and Mr. Bolton are determined to go a lot further. It is now up to the General Assembly to flesh out the document’s skeleton proposals and propose new ones. But its chances of success appear slim.

According to the last paragraph, the General Assembly ()

A. is deleting the document’s skeleton proposals

B. is determined to go further toward disarmament

C. is attempting to put forward new proposals

D. is unlikely to work out relevant details and advance novel proposals