问题 计算题

(10分)如图所示电子射线管.阴极K发射电子,阳极P和阴极K间 加上电压后电子被加速。A、B是偏向板,使飞进的电子偏离.若已知P、K间所加电压UPK=2.5×103V,两极板长度L=6.0×10-2m,板间距离d=3.6×10-2m,所加电压UAB=1000V,R=3×10-2m, 电子质量me=9.1×10-31kg,电子的电荷量e=-1.6×10-19C。设从阴极出来的电子速度为0,不计重力。 试问:

(1)电子通过阳极P板的速度υ0是多少? (2分)

(2)电子通过偏转电极时具有动能Ek是多少?(3分)

(3)电子过偏转电极后到达距离偏转电极R=3×10-2m荧光屏上O′点,此点偏离入射方向的距离y是多少?(5分)

答案

(1) (2) (3)2.0×10-2m

题目分析:(1)由动能定理得到  

所以=2.96×107m/s(2分)

(2)电子通过偏转电极时具有动能Ek包括电子通过加速电场时电场力做的功W1=eUPK ,电子通过偏转电极时电场力做的功W2=Eq=,联立以上各式代入数据得:

=4.44×10-16J(3分)

(3)电子离开偏转电场后做匀速直线运动,由图中的几何关系得到,联立以上各式代入数据得:     =2.0×10-2m.(5分)

点评:本题学生知道解加速问题用动能定理,粒子偏转时做类平抛运动,可按平抛运动的方法进行求解,代入数据计算时要用科学计数法。

阅读理解

These days, many students like playing 3D games. Do you know what 3D games are like? In most 3D games, game players need to control (控制) a character. The character can be a robot or a soldier (士兵). Game players usually use the mouse to make the character move around in his own world. Game players can find things such as food and weapons (武器) to help them go on with the game. The character can go straight, sit down, turn left, turn right or pick up things in the game.

Some 3D games have many levels (等级). The character needs to finish different goals for each level.Game players can play against their computers, and sometimes they can play with other players on-line. It's great fun to play 3D games. But playing 3D games for long is not good for our study.

小题1:In most3D games, game players need to _________.

A.control a character

B.find a robot

C.act as a soldier

D.control the computer小题2:How do game players make the character move around?

A.By using the keyboard

B.By using the mouse

C.By telling the directions

D.By moving the computer.小题3:In the game, the character can _________.

A.go straight and sit down

B.turn left and turn right

C.Pick up things

D.A, B and C小题4:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A.Some 3D games have many levels.

B.The character needs to finish different goals for each level.

C.Game players can only play against their computers.

D.Game players can go on-line and play with other players together.小题5:What is the writer's opinion (观点)?

A.He doesn't think it's very interesting to play 3D games.

B.He thinks playing 3D games is really boring.

C.He thinks all the students should learn to play 3D games.

D.He thinks playing 3D games for long is not good for our study.

填空题