问题 解答题

将以下生物分类:银杏树、鲫鱼、木耳、海带、奶牛、蚂蚁、白菜、大肠杆菌

(1)按形态结构特点分类:______

(2)按生活环境分类:______.

答案

(1)植物与动物的不同点:1、植物一般不会运动,动物一般都能自由运动,(动物出生之后为了生存要到处寻找食物);2、植物一般能进行光合作用营养方式是自养,动物不能进行光合作用;3、植物体的结构层次是:细胞→组织→器官→个体,动物体的结构层次:细胞→组织→器官→系统→动物体.营养方式是异养 首先无论是植物还是动物都是从一个受精卵开始个体发育的,4、植物从小只有营养器官,生长发育到一定的阶段之后才开始出现生殖器官(花果实种子),动物从出生基本上就具备了后天所需要的所有器官;5、高等植物细胞具有细胞壁,动物细胞不具有,同时高等植物的成熟细胞还有中央大液泡,有的一些植物器官里如叶片还有叶绿体.

木耳的细胞有细胞壁,有成形的细胞核,没有叶绿体;木耳属于真菌.

大肠杆菌细胞内没有成形的细胞核,只有DNA集中的区域,大肠杆菌属于细菌.

根据以上特点可以将图中生物分为,植物:银杏树、海带、白菜;动物:鲫鱼、奶牛、蚂蚁;其他生物:木耳(真菌)、大肠杆菌(细菌);

(2)不同的生物生活环境不同,银杏树、木耳、奶牛、蚂蚁、白菜、蘑菇生活在陆地上,而鲫鱼、海带是生活在水中的,大肠杆菌是寄生、异养、厌氧型细菌,主要生活在动物体内.因此,按生物的生活环境可分为,陆生生物:银杏树、木耳、奶牛、蚂蚁、白菜、蘑菇;水生生物:鲫鱼、海带.

故答案为:

(1)植物:银杏树、海带、白菜;动物:鲫鱼、奶牛、蚂蚁;其他生物:木耳(真菌)、大肠杆菌(细菌);

(2)陆生生物:银杏树、木耳、奶牛、蚂蚁、白菜、蘑菇;水生生物:鲫鱼、海带.

单项选择题
阅读理解

Thanksgiving is an important festival in North America. We interviewed several students from the US and Canada. Here is what they have told us about their Thanksgiving experiences.

Josie from New York, USA

“In America, Thanksgiving is celebrated every year at the end of November. It is to remember the first group of people from Europe to live in America. When they first arrived, they found the environment strange. But they learned to survive after some native American friends showed them how to grow and find food. Thanksgiving is meant to be a traditional celebration.”

Todd from California, USA

“Thanksgiving is the first day of Christmas shopping. That means we have four weeks to buy Christmas presents for our families and friends. For me and my friends, the most important part of the festival is the big football game on TV. The match is watched by millions of people all over America. Thanksgiving is seen as an exciting day for football!”

Ian from Saskatoon, Canada

In Canada, Thanksgiving is held on the 2nd Monday in October. On the Sunday before Thanksgiving Day, many people go to church. Thanks is given for all the good things that happened to them during the year. I always give thanks for the nice big turkey I’m going to have at the family dinner! Like all festivals, Thanksgiving is about food!

Katie from Maritimes, Canada

On Thanksgiving Day, we have dinner with all our cousins, aunts and uncles. It is always very busy. Sometimes we have two Thanksgiving dinners because we go to both our grandparents’ houses. The dinner is usually attended by more than twenty people at each house! My mother and my aunts do all the cooking but the washing-up is done by me and my cousins. And that’s not an easy job! But I don’t mind because Thanksgiving is meant to be a time to give thanks.

小题1:People in the USA and Canada ____________.

A.all have the same opinion of Thanksgiving

B.have different opinions of Thanksgiving

C.feel that Thanksgiving is about food

D.have no interest in Thanksgiving小题2:Which of the people interviewed feels that Thanksgiving is all about football?

A.Ian

B.Josie

C.Todd

D.Katie小题3:Where does the person who thinks that Thanksgiving is a traditional celebration come from?

A.New York

B.California

C.Saskatoon

D.Maritimes小题4:For what reasons do people give thanks at Thanksgiving?

A.All the good things that have happened

B.Presents, a big turkey

C.Grandparents, food

D.Football, traditions