问题 解答题

已知a,b是实数,函数f(x)=x3+ax,g(x)=x2+bx,f′(x)和g′(x)分别是f(x)和g(x)的导函数,若f′(x)·g′(x)≥0在区间I上恒成立,则称f(x)和g(x)在区间上单调性一致,

(1)设a>0,若f(x)和g(x)在区间[-1,+∞)上单调性一致,求b的取值范围;

(2)设a<0且b≠0,若f(x)和g(x)在以a,b为端点的区间上单调性一致,求|a-b|的最大值.

答案

解:f′(x)=3x2+a,g′(x)=2x+b,

(1)由题意知f′(x)g′(x)≥0在[-1,+∞)上恒成立.

因为a>0,故3x2+a>0,进而2x+b≥0,即b≥-2x在区间[-1,+∞)上恒成立,

所以b≥2,因此b的取值范围是[2,+∞)。

(2)令f′(x)=0,解得

若b>0,由a<0得0∈(a,b),

又因为f′(0)g′(0)=ab<0,

所以函数f(x)和g(x)在(a,b)上不是单调性一致的,因此b≤0.

现设b≤0,当x∈(-∞,0)时,g′(x)<0;

当x∈(-∞,)时,f′(x)>0.

因此,当时,f′(x)g′(x)<0.

故由题设得a≥ ,从而

于是

因此,且当a=,b=0时等号成立.

又当,b=0时,f′(x)g′(x)=6x(x2-),

从而当x∈时,f′(x)g′(x)>0,

故函数f(x)和g(x)在上单调性一致,因此|a-b|的最大值为

阅读理解

Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people.Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned with their own appearance and actions too much.Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?

It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably.A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions.In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives.

Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others.They need faith that they are doing "the right thing".Shy people are very sensitive to criticism.It makes them feel inferior(自卑).They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise.A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good, I know it's not true.” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.

Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self respect.It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths.Each one of us has his or her own characteristics.We are interested in our own personal ways.The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life.

小题1:The first paragraph is mainly about______.

A.the cause of shyness

B.the effect of shyness on people

C.the feelings of shy people

D.the questions in the minds of shy people小题2:According to the writer, self-awareness is______.

A.harmful to people

B.a weak point of shy people

C.the cause of unhappiness

D.a good characteristic小题3:What is the shy people's reaction to praise?

A.They are pleased by it.

B.They feel it is not true.

C.They arevery sensitive to it.

D.They feel they are worthy of it.小题4:We can learn from the passage that shyness can ______.

A.block our chances for a successful life

B.help us to live up to our full development

C.enable us to understand ourselves better

D.have nothing to do with lack of self respect

问答题