问题 解答题
已知函数f(x)=lnx-
a
x

(1)求函数f(x)的单调增区间.
(2)若函数f(x)在[1,e]上的最小值为
3
2
,求实数a的值.
答案

∵f(x)=lnx-

a
x

∴函数的定义域为(0,+∞)

且f'(x)=

1
x
+
a
x2
=
x+a
x2

①当a≥0时,f'(x)≥0恒成立,

∴函数f(x)的单调增区间为(0,+∞)

②当a<0时,令f'(x)≥0,则x>-a

∴函数f(x)的单调增区间为(-a,+∞)

(II)由(I)可知,f'(x)=

x+a
x2

①若a≥-1,则x+a≥0,则f'(x)≥0恒成立,

函数f(x)在[1,e]上为增函数

∴f(x)的最小值为:f(1)=-a=

3
2
,此时a=-
3
2
(舍去)

②若a≤-e,则f'(x)≤0恒成立,

函数f(x)在[1,e]上为减函数

∴f(x)的最小值为:f(e)=1-

a
e
=
3
2
,此时a=-
e
2
(舍去)

③若-e<a<-1,当1<x<-a时,则f'(x)<0,

当-a<x<e时,f'(x)>0,

∴f(x)的最小值为:f(-a)=ln(-a)+1=

3
2
,此时a=-
e

综上所述:a=-

e

阅读理解

I was riding my special motorbike this past weekend and stopped at a store. As I was getting my wheelchair off the back, a man watched me from his car and I noticed a wheelchair in his back seat. We spoke for a moment and I asked him about the wheelchair. He answered that it was for his daughter. “Well, do you think she would like to go for a ride on my motorbike with me?” I asked. He seemed shocked that a total stranger would ask him this. He thought about it for a second and said, “OK, as long as I can follow you.”

He introduced me to Amy and he sat her on my back seat. Her father followed me for a few miles and she talked non-stop about what she wanted for Christmas.

As we came back to the store she said, “This ride is the best Christmas present I could ever receive. I have been in a wheelchair my whole life and didn’t know I could do this.”Then she turned to him and said, “Oh Daddy, I’m going to be OK. Mr. Bryant does all kinds of things —and I will, too.” Her father hugged me and said, “I was sitting here praying for a gift for Amy that would encourage her. She often felt that her life was dull compared to other children. God answered my prayer(祷告) just now. Now I pray that God will bless you for your gift to Amy today.” Being kind and thoughtful to others, we can be an answer to prayer.

小题1:How did the father feel at first when the author invited his daughter for a ride?

A.Anxious.

B.Embarrassed.

C.Surprised.

D.Moved.小题2:What can we know about the author?

A.He was a disabled man.

B.He usually drove too fast.

C.He worked in a store.

D.He often helped people in trouble.小题3:According to the passage, the girl _____.

A.was not allowed to do some sports

B.used to be a completely healthy person

C.was unwillingly to communicate with a stranger

D.usually felt sad about life because of her disability小题4:What did the author’s gift refer to according to the girl’s father?

A.The motorbike.

B.The wheelchair.

C.The ride.

D.The prayer.

单项选择题 案例分析题