问题 问答题

案例:某乡办煤矿,设计年产量3万吨,实际年产量6万吨。立井开拓,中央边界式通风。该矿矿长和特种作业人员无证上岗,三违现象严重。没有班前会和交接班制度,井下作业任务和人员安排没有统一布置和记录。该矿井下物料及灭火器材存放混乱,一贯使用煤面和煤块封堵炮孔,用电缆明接头放炮的现象时有发生。该矿煤尘具有爆炸性。井下没有防尘洒水设施,也没有按照《乡镇煤矿安全规程》的规定采取防尘措施,造成井下煤尘积存。某年某月某日早8时30分停电后,使用柴油发电机向井下送电。由于电力不足,北翼工作面及南翼工作面轮流生产。14时班共下井72人。南翼工作面工人下井后,打眼放第一炮后出煤。15时30分左右开水泵,南翼停电,当时主扇和局扇风机都没有开启。17时30分全矿来电,主扇和局扇仍没有开启。瓦斯检测员空班漏检。北翼工作面打眼后放第二炮时,工作面口两米处挂在背板上的11个电雷管拖地引脚线被拖动的电缆明接头引爆,引起瓦斯煤尘爆炸事故。此次事故共死亡26人,伤10人,直接经济损失38万元。

分析此起事故的间接原因。

答案

参考答案:此起事故的间接原因: (1)该矿矿长无证上岗,属非法煤矿;在不具备安全生产条件下(如煤尘具有爆炸性但没有采取防尘措施等)还在生产;当地安全生产监督管理部门有责任。 (2)该矿安全管理不足,主要表现在: 1)安全管理制度没有或不健全,如没有班前会和交接班制度等; 2)三违现象严重,如时常违章放炮没有得到纠正等; 3)井下物料放置混乱,瓦斯检测员空班漏检; 4)该矿从矿主到工人的安全素质均不高,反映出安全教育培训不足等。

问答题
完形填空

Ⅴ.Reading

A.

A holidaymaker in Australia was awakened by a “horrible, animal-like” noise outside her hotel window. When she went out, she saw a giant, hairy creature crossing the garden. “It was the ugliest thing I’ve ever seen and it smelled awful,” Tania Smith told investigators. She described the creature as “at least two and a half meters tall and covered with long, dark hair”. When the creature saw her, it roared like a bear and escaped into the woods. “It looked almost human with sad, frightened eyes,” she said.

According to Aborigine legend, a kind of ape man called the Yowie once populated Australia but when the Aborigines arrived thousands of years ago, they exterminated it. However, many people believe that the Yowie didn’t completely die out and may still survive in remote parts of Australia.

B.

A fisherman claims to have seen a flying creature which he later identified as a Ropen or “demon-flyer”. Ralph, who is a native of the remote Rambutyo Island of Papua New Guinea, was fishing at nightfall. “It flew out of the jungle, diving into the sea right by my boat. I was too terrified to move,” he told our reporter.

There have been several recent sightings of these mysterious bird-like animals. It is reported to have two leathery wings, a long tail, a long beak filled with sharp teeth and claws. The creature has a wing-span of up to two meters. Experts think it might be a kind of pterodactyl, making it the only surviving dinosaur. The natives say the Ropen is aggressive and eats fish.

C

Kate Brow was driving home from a day’s hiking when she saw a thylacine near the road. “At first I thought it was a cat because of the stripes on its back but it was much bigger,” she said. “I noticed its tail. It was like a kangaroo’s, long and thick near the body.” The thylacine, also known as the Tasmanian tiger, was a marsupial which once lived in Tasmanian, part of Australia. They were hunted by farmers because they attacked sheep and are now thought to be extinct. However, every year there are several unofficial sightings in remote areas of the island so it may not have disappeared completely.

D

There has been another sighting of the mysterious orang pendek in a national park of Indonesia. A local policeman claimed to have seen two orang pendeks, which is also called the “little man of the jungle”. “It was a small creature, only about a meter tall with short legs, broad shoulders and a hairy body.” When shown photographs of other primates, the man said it looked a bit like a gorilla but, he said “Orang pendek is more handsome than this animal, and its face is more like a human’s.” There have been so many similar sightings that the park director believes it may be an unknown species.

1.      Answer the questions.

2)                 What do the creatures in article A and D have in common?

3)                 Which creature do we know for certain existed in the past?

4)                 Which creature may rally exist?

5)                 Which eye-witness report is the most convincing?