问题 问答题 案例分析题

一般资料:求助者,男性,31岁,大学毕业,自己开公司。案例介绍:求助者大学毕业以后在一家大公司工作,求助者的能力比较强,工作兢兢业业,因此很受上司的赏识,去年公司决定提拔求助者为公司总经理,但是求助者想自己创业,因此放弃了公司的升职机会,辞去了公司的工作,开始创业。求助者在经过了一年的拼搏后,公司不仅没有盈利,还将自己辛苦赚来的钱赔了进去。求助者体验到了创业的艰难。但是求助者很不甘心,平时无论做什么都想着创业的事情,没有心情做其他事。求助者自从创业失败以后,整个人变了很多,连自己都怀疑自己有心理问题,情绪总是被一些创业新闻左右。求助者很后悔放弃公司升职的机会,更后悔自己创业,想调整自己的情绪,但是总是控制不了自己。最近三个多月,求助者失眠、厌食,还会经常做噩梦,做事情无法集中精神。想起创业自己就心慌、担心公司坚持不下去,担心自己赔得一无所有。还为资金周转不开而发愁,觉得自己很没用,很痛苦,情绪失落。心理咨询师观察了解到的情况:求助者出生在农村,父母离婚,自小和父亲一起,很懂事,帮助父亲做很多家务,也很孝顺父亲。求助者胆小,从不敢冒险。女友因为求助者创业失败,也与他分手。因为心情原因,求助者也没有回家过春节。请根据案例回答以下问题:

如果使用认知行为疗法,其特点是什么?

答案

参考答案:

认知行为疗法具有以下特点:

(1)求助者和咨询者是合作关系。

(2)假设心理痛苦在很大程度上是认知过程发生机能障碍的结果。

(3)强调改变认知,从而产生情感与行为方面的改变。

(4)通常是一种针对具体的和结构性的目标问题的短期和教育性的治疗。

(5)都建立在一种结构性的心理教育模型之上。

(6)强调家庭作业。

(7)赋予求助者更多的责任。

(8)让求助者在治疗中和治疗外都承担一种主动角色,同时都注意吸收各种认知和行为策略来达到改变的目的。

阅读理解

Harry Houdini was one of the greatest American entertainers in the theater this century. He was a man famous for his escapes from prison cells, from wooden boxes floating in rivers, from locked tanks full of water. He appeared in theaters all over Europe and America. Crowds came to see the great Houdini and his “magic” tricks.

Of course, his secret was not magic or supernatural power. It was simply strength. He had the ability to move his toes as well as he moved his fingers. He could move his body into almost any position he wanted.

Houdini started working in the entertainment world when he was 17, in 1891. He and his brother Theo performed card tricks in clubs in New York. They called themselves the Houdini Brothers. When Harry married in 1894, he and his wife Bess worked together as magician and assistant. But for a long time they were not very successful. Then Harry performed his first prison escape in Chicago in 1898. Harry persuaded a detective to let him try to escape from the prison, and he invited the local newspapermen to watch.

It was the publicity (宣传) that came from this that started Harry Houdini’s success. Harry had fingers trained to escape from handcuffs and toes trained to escape from ankle chains. But his biggest secret was how he unlocked the prison doors. Every time he went into the prison cell, Bess gave him a kiss for good luck and a small skeleton key, which is a key that fits many locks. She passed it quickly from her mouth to his.

Harry used these prison escapes to build his fame. He arranged to escape from the local prison of every town he visited. In the afternoon, the people of the town would read about it in their local newspapers, and in the evening every seat in the local theater would be full. What was the result? Worldwide fame and a name remembered today.

小题1:According to the passage, Houdini’s success in prison escapes depends on ______.

A.his special tricks and supernatural powers

B.his unusual ability and skeleton key

C.his magic tricks and supernatural powers

D.his wisdom and magic tricks小题2: It can be inferred from the passage that Houdini became famous ______ .

A.in 1894

B.before he married

C.at the age of 17

D.when he was 24小题3:According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true?                         

A.Houdini was a famous American magician.

B.Houdini was first recognized in Chicago.

C.Houdini first entered the entertainment world together with his wife.

D.Houdini was popular with people from Europe and America.小题4: Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A.A Skeleton Key

B.A Secret Prisoner

C.Worldwide Fame

D.Great Escapes

单项选择题