问题 问答题 案例分析题

一般资料:求助者,男性,18岁,高一学生。案例介绍:求助者现在是高一的学生,在班级里求助者和同学的关系一般。求助者刚进入高中,学习压力比较大,而且老师的管理也比较严格,学习比较辛苦。求助者学习很努力,班主任老师每天都要督促大家学习,求助者有一次上课瞌睡,被班主任看到了当众严厉批评了他,还罚他打扫一周的卫生,求助者不服,找到班主任讲理,又遭到班主任的批评,为此求助者非常生气,之后常常在上课的时候睡觉,班主任非常生气,于是向求助者的父母反映这件事情。求助者认为是班主任看不惯自己,因此很痛恨班主任,但自己又很无奈。一气之下回家不上学了,整天在家里玩网络游戏,父母多次劝求助者回学校上课,但是求助者听不进去,还说父母也和老师一样看不惯自己,经常为了一点小事就和父母吵架。两个月以前求助者在吃鱼的时候,被鱼刺刺到嗓子眼了,当时心慌、出冷汗,恐惧。去医院把鱼刺取出来以后求助者还认为鱼刺还在嗓子眼里,认为鱼刺会导致嗓子发炎以至于腐烂,以后自己就很难进食了。所以自此之后求助者就只喝粥,说别的东西已经咽不下去了,求助者很快就从135多斤降到90斤左右,而且头发发黄,皮肤也变得很暗淡。求助者多次去医院进行治疗,医生都说求助者没有任何疾病,求助者父母多次给儿子讲道理、规劝都无济于事,求助者还认为自己的父母不理解自己,对自己的儿子那么残忍,经常为了这件事情与父母吵闹,求助者内心极度痛苦,求助者想解决自己与父母之间的关系,来做心理咨询。心理咨询师观察了解到的情况:求助者的父母均是农民.母亲在年轻的时候"曾被诊断为精神病患者"。求助者从小性格内向偏执,和小朋友们不怎么来往,不合群,自己没有知心的朋友,总是觉得求助者与小朋友们格格不入。求助者的学习成绩一般,勉强考上高中。请根据案例,回答下列问题:

对该求助者应考虑哪些初步诊断?并简要说明理由。

答案

参考答案:

(1)精神障碍。求助者出现内脏幻觉,并坚信不疑,可疑家族遗传病史。

(2)人格障碍。人格障碍是在个体发育成长过程中,因遗传、先天以及后天不良环境因素造成的个体心理与行为的持久性的固定行为模式,这种行为模式偏离社会文化背景,并给个体自身带来痛苦,或贻害周围。其包括:焦虑性人格障碍是一贯感到紧张、提心吊胆、不安全和自卑,总是需要被人喜欢和接纳,对拒绝和批评过分敏感,因习惯性地夸大日常处境中的潜在危险,所以有回避某些活动的倾向。本案例中的求助者对于老师的批评很生气而且总是一直不肯原谅。偏执性人格障碍以猜疑和固执已见为特点。本案例中的求助者从小就有怪癖,不合群,与他人格格不入,性格内向偏执。分裂样人格障碍以观念、行为、外貌装饰奇特,情绪冷漠、人际关系明显缺陷为特点。本案例中的求助者的人际关系异常。开始于青少年,现年18岁以上,至少已持续2年。

(3)严重心理问题。这是由相对强烈的现实因素激发,初始情绪反应强烈、持续时间较长、内容充分泛化的心理不健康状态。本案例中求助者因为老师的批评和惩罚让求助者很生气,求助者因此休学在家,社会功能损害严重,并因为鱼刺的事情不吃饭而且体重明显下降,心理问题已经泛化,但是没有器质性病变。

(4)疑病性神经症。疑病妄想的患者会毫无根据地坚信自己患了某种严重躯体疾病或不治之症,因而到处求医,即使通过一系列详细检查和多次反复的医学验证都不能纠正其歪曲的信念,称疑病妄想,又称虚无妄想。本案例中的求助者由于鱼刺事件对自己的嗓子健康过于注意,有疑病倾向。

5)可能有躯体疾病,本案例中的求助者的体重明显下降。

阅读理解

第二节:信息匹配(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)   

请阅读下列旅游景点的信息,并按照要求匹配信息。选出符合各小题要求的最佳选顼,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有一项是多余选项。

Here are some information about several websites.

A.http://www.yoka.com/

Yoka Fashion Network is the first upper-class brand positioning in consumer for high-quality lifestyle, serving the high-income professional fashion website users. To create interactive online fashion community,it runs as a network fashion circle which includes the fashion products manufacturers,fashion critics, fashion magezine publishers, fashion designers, fashion blog writers, fashion brand retailers, advertisers and brands, etd.

B.http://www.szsjg.net/

Do you have a legal matter that you need cleared up? Does your business need to find an experianced lawyer to consult about potentially sticky legal situations? Don't be hesitating;contact a well-practised lawyer, be sure to give you professional advice!

C.http://www.itourchina.com.cn

As one of the largest tour operators in China, we offer you sorted, package tours and custom tours made specially for you! Our China tour service ranges from budget group China tour peckages to luxury private tour packages as well as discount hotel reservation in China. Try it out!We endeavor to make your china vacation unique and affordable.

D.http://www.china.travel/China Travel Net is intended to provide tourists with travel information, destination infonnation,travel products, fashion and cultural information services and products; additionally, as China's tourism international marketing platform, it is to shape the tourism image of China for the international visitors, providing travel information, destination information and tourism products and services, which are both in Chinese and English versions.

E. http://www.trends.com.cn/

Fashion Media Group, the unique community representatives in the field of China Journal, is Chins's largest media group of the high-grade journals, covering a wide range of its business in the books editors, publishing, advertising, printing, distribution, etc, with diversification of the contents of journals: "Fashion COMSOPOLITAN", "Esquire", "Home fashion", "Fashion Tourism", "Ms. Fashion Health", "Men's Fashion Health", "Fashion's Bazaar", "Fashion Men's Bazaar", "Chinese geography", "Fashion Time", "Good Housekeeper", "Fashion Car", "Food and Wine", "Rob Report ", "fashion bride", etc.

F. http://www.chinabook.org/

This website takes advantage of its vast information and quick speed, gathering together thousands of the National Press, providing the latest information and the functions of book sales,new book published subscriptions, second-hand books transctions, e-books online to reader forum, academics, clubs, etc.

根据以下各人的需求,寻找适合的网站。

56. John and his families like taking budget travelling to any place which can show local custom.This time, they want to make a trip to China.As usual, they don't want to join any groups with a fixed tourist guide. Since they have no ides about where to start, they'd like to get some advice about the route meeting their demands.

57. Minnie is a white-coller worker in an international company. Hard as the work is,she enjoys running after the fashion. She usually seeks for some latest information on the lnternet during the break in her office. She likes reacting critics and blogs in particular.

58. Henry is involved in some intractable (难处理的) problems which is related to his company's finance. Owing to not having employed a counselor, he is looking for any lawyer to give him some advice.                                                                

59. Tina takes reading as her hobby. She usually spends a lot of time in reading boojs online at weekends. But sometimes she will buy some books whose topic or content really attract her, no matter whether it is latest or second-hand.

60. Dr. Green and his wife are always pursuing high-quality lifestyle.They are supposed to have a long holiday next month, so they plan to travel around China which is said to be with many excellent places by their friends. In order to make a confirmation and have a better understanding of China, they need to do some research on the Internet.

单项选择题