问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

男性,28岁。上腹痛1周,黑便3天,每天排便3~4次,量较多,头昏,乏力,心慌。有间断上腹痛3年。每次发病约持续2~4周方缓解。饮酒史4年,每天2两白酒,曾患乙肝,首先考虑的诊断是()。

A.肝硬化食管静脉曲张出血

B.消化性溃疡出血

C.急性胃黏膜病变出血

D.下消化道出血

E.食管贲门撕裂综合征出血

答案

参考答案:B

解析:消化道出血的鉴别诊断包括两大方面:出血部位及病因的鉴别。上消化道出血以黑便为主要临床表现,可伴或不伴呕血,而下消化道出血则多表现为暗红色或鲜红色血便。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Nearly all the visitors to southeast France pay a visit a Monaco, too. Lying near the French-Italian

border, Monaco is not part of France, but a separate principality (大公国)-though it is surrounded by

its great neighbour.

     Monaco became a principality in the 16th century after being owned by a family member of a certain

Italian king. The French and Italian, however, soon came to protect it one after another until 1861, when

it became its own master again.

     Facing the blue Mediterranean (地中海), Monaco is mainly made up of two cities, Monaco, where

the palace for the Prince stands, and Monte Carlo, which is a wonderful place for visitors. Every year,

about half a million people come to Monaco, nearly 25 tiroes as much as its population.

     Believe it or not, Monaco has no soldiers or policemen of its own. Law and order is kept by the

French police, and the French stand for it in its foreign affairs, even the money used in Monaco is the

franc, too.

1. Which of the following maps shows the right position of Monaco and its neighbouring countries?

(Mc=Monaco, Fr==France, I=Italy, Md=Mediterranean)

2. Monaco has a population of ____.

A. nearly 25 thousand

B. no more than 20 thousand

C. about 12,500 thousand

D. a little over 20 thousand

3. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The national income of Monaco must be very little.

B. Monaco isn't a completely independent country.

C. A principality is a country ruled by foreigners.

D. Monaco belongs to France since law and order is kept by the French police.

4. Now the head of the government of Monaco is ____.

A. an Italian

B. a French

C. a prince

D. a president

单项选择题