问题 完形填空

第三节:语法填空(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

  阅读下面短文, 按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空, 并将答案填写在答题纸标号为56-65的相应位置上。

You have the ability to decide if you are happy or not. Happiness is a   56  (choose).

You can’t depend on someone else to make you happy. That is a lesson I learned early in my marriage.   57  (realize) that I couldn’t rely on my husband as my source of happiness, I learned that you have to choose to be happy.

You can choose your emotions. True happiness comes from within;  58   can’t be forced by outside forces. It is the same way you choose to smile. You choose it because that’s   59   you want to experience in your life.

You want to buy a new pair of shoes so you choose a pair   60   you like and feel good. You wouldn’t buy a pair of shoes you don’t like or that don’t fit well,right?

Choosing to be happy after you realize your anger has shown up (or even choosing to be calm)can be   61  (benefit) . We choose our feelings; no one can do that for us. If we let others get to influence   62   emotions,we are giving them power over us. When others cause us anger or pain,we   63   (give)them our power.

We need to keep our feelings in check and not react automatically to what is thrown at us. We need to think our actions out instead of just reacting to what someone says or does.

Remember that we can always choose happiness. At first it will be difficult to just switch your thoughts and feelings   64   anger,self-doubt,or fear to joy and happiness. But it is only a thought away. Don’t be lost in what happens to you    65   (necessary) but realize what is causing you to feel that way. Realize that thoughts,feelings and emotions can change. Then move on and choose to be happy.

答案

56. choice     57. Having realized/realizing      58. it        59. what      60. that/which     61. beneficial   62. our         63. are giving      64. from      65. unnecessarily

单项选择题
问答题 案例分析题

阅读下列材料:

材料一:

他(梭伦)把雅典公民按土地收入和财产的多少分为四个等级,凡是年收入超过500麦斗谷物的为第一级,称富豪级;年收入在500至300麦斗之间的为第二等级,称骑士级;年收入在300至200麦斗之间的为第三等级,即双牛级;不足200麦斗的一律归入第四级,称日佣级。财产越多,等级越高。第一、二等级能够担任执政官等高级官职,第三等级能担任低级官职,第四等级不能担任官职。

材料二:

商鞅在变法中实行按军功授爵,制定二十级爵,也称“军功爵制”(就是按照军功大小授官。二十级爵位中,一级称为公士,十六级为大上造,二十级为彻侯。各级爵位都享有相应等级的田宅、奴婢和衣服等。)宗室贵族凡是没有立军功的就不得授爵位和取得贵族身份,不能享有特权,即使家境富裕,也不允许大肆铺张,有功劳者才可享受荣华富贵。

材料三:

清人赵翼在《廿二史札记》中说:“高门华阀,有世及之荣;庶姓寒人,无寸进之路。选举之弊,至此而及。然魏、晋及南北朝三四百年,莫有能改之者。”

材料四:

唐代科举取士,以进士、明经两科为主,“大抵众科之目,进士尤为贵,其得人亦最为盛焉”。

唐代明经、进士两科的考试内容

——摘编自陈茂同《中国历代选官制度》等

材料五:

在中世纪的英国,宫廷和政府之间没有明确界限,官员主要由国王遴选,并被视为国王的仆人。资产阶级革命爆发后,文官开始出现。光荣革命后,国王和权贵行使有封建特权色彩的官职恩赐权来任用官员。直至18世纪末,文官录用仍无常规可据,文官录用权主要由国王、宫廷权贵和各部长官直接行使,私人关系和个人感情成为获取官职的关键因素。工业革命催生了英国近代文官制度。1853年政府有关部门提出《关于建立常任英国文官制度的报告》,建议实行公开竞争考试录用制,并认为考试科目应有四类:古典文学;数学和自然科学;政治经济学、法学和近现代哲学;现代语言、近现代史和国际法。1855年文官改革令是以择优取士的方式取代官职恩赐制的重要起点。1870年枢密院关于文官制改革的命令规定,多数重要文官职位必须按照文官制度委员会的要求,通过公开竞争考试,择优录用。该令的颁布成为英国近代文官制度建立的标志。——摘编自阎照祥《英国政治制度史》

为什么说“工业革命催生了英国近代文官制度”?