问题 改错题
     Yesterday a school boy is daydreaming in class. Not knowing
that he was doing, he put a pen cap into his mouth. A few minutes
late, he was terrified to find that he had swallowed it! The teacher
was shocking when the boy stood up and said, "I've just swallowed
a pen cap." He was quickly sent the nearest hospital. There a doctor
examined him and said the best treatment was to take some medicines
so that the pen cap could pass natural. Three hours later the boy
successfully made  it."She is really lucky," said the doctor. "It's not rare that
small children put things into their mouths for a  fun.
It's very danger."
1. _______
2. _______
3. _______
4. _______
5. _______
6. _______
7. _______
8. _______
9. _______
10._______
答案

1. is→was  2. that→what   3. late→later   4. shocking→shocked   5. sent ∧→to

6. medicines→medicine   7. natural→naturally   8. She→He   9. 去掉a   10. danger→dangerous.

综合题

材料解析题:(15分)

材料一   《中华文化史》(冯天瑜等著)认为,中华传统文化在春秋战国时期表现为“以民本思潮和专制主义为两翼的百家争鸣的私学文化”;秦汉以后“定型为以儒学为正宗,兼纳百家、融汇释道的帝国文化”;而“在商品经济有一定发育的基础上得以繁衍的市民文化,在清中叶以前的整个中国社会都相当细弱。”

材料二   明朝后期开始,利玛窦、汤若望等欧洲传教士先后来华,与徐光启等到人合作,开展翻译活动,把欧洲的天文、数学、地理和水利等近代科学技术介绍到中国,把儒学的《大学》、《论语》等典籍介绍到欧洲。欧洲学者称之为“一次相互的启蒙”。

材料三  19世纪60年代,清政府陆续设立培养翻译人才的学校和译书机构。90年代中期,梁启超收集部分已译西书目录,按西学、西政等编成《西学书目录》,并指出:“国家欲自强,以多译西书为本。”

根据材料及所学知识回答下列问题:

(1)分析春秋战国时期“私学文化”得以产生发展的社会因素有哪些?(4分)

(2)指出导致清中叶以前“市民文化”在整个中国社会中相当细弱的主要原因。(3分)

(3)依据材料二,概括当时翻译书籍的内容及其产生的作用。(4分)

(4)结合材料二、三和所学知识,说明19世纪中后期翻译活动出现的新变化。(4分)

单项选择题