问题 材料分析题

材料一:2011年秋冬季连续出现的雾霾天气,使空气质量受到社会广泛关注。PM2.5成热词。PM2.5,指粒径小于等于2.5微米的可入肺颗粒物,它也是造成灰霾天气的“元凶”之一。PM2.5,主要是日常发电、工业生产、汽车尾气排放等过程中经过燃烧而排放的残留物,如机动车尾气、燃煤等,通常含有重金属等有毒物质。世界卫生组织发布的报告显示,无论是发达国家还是发展中国家,目前大多数城市和农村人口均遭受到颗粒物对健康的影响。

材料二:2012年2月29日,国务院常务会议通过了新修订的《环境空气质量标准》,要求2012年在京津冀、长三角、珠三角等重点区域以及直辖市和省会城市开展PM2.5监测。2015年覆盖所有地级以上城市。全国人大环境与资源保护委员会副主任汪纪戎认为:PM2.5监测仅仅是第一步,比监测更重要的是PM2.5的排放控制和综合治理。温 * * * * 在《政府工作报告》中提出:我们绝不靠牺牲生态环境和人民健康为代价换取经济增长,我们一定能走出一条生产发展、生活富裕、生态良好的文明发展道路。

(1)运用所学经济生活的知识,说明监测降低PM2.5浓度的经济意义。

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(2)根据所学知识,分析我国政府通过新修订的《环境空气质量标准》并加强PM2.5监测和治理的政治学依据。

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答案

(1)①有利于促进企业改进技术,加强管理,节能减排,促进新能源产业发展。②有利于消费者树立绿色消费观,转变消费模式,挥消费对生产的反作用。③有利于国家加强宏观调控,实现全面小康社会的目标。④有利于贯彻科学发展观,推动经济发展方式的转变,经济结构调整和科技创新,走新型工业化道路,促进经济又好又快发展。

(2)①我国是人民当家作主的社会主义国家,政府是为人民服务的政府,坚持对人民负责的原则。我国政府通过《环境空气质量标准》并加强PM2.5监测和治理,保障人民身体健康是我国国家性质、政府性质、宗旨和原则要求和体现。②政府具有组织社会主义经济建设和社会公共服务的职能。我国政府通过《环境空气质量标准》并加强PM2.5监测和治理,更好地推动经济社会的可持续发展,提高人民的生活质量,创造宜居环境是政府的职责。 ③民主集中制是国家机构的组织活动原则,依法行政是政府贯彻依法治国方略,提高行政管理水平的基本要求。国务院通过《环境空气质量标准》并要求各地方加强PM2.5监测和治理,是贯彻民主集中制,推进政府依法行政树立政府权威的要求。

填空题
阅读理解

It was the first month of winter -- an exciting day for every child but not for most teachers. Up until now, l had been able to dress myself for recess(课间休息), but today I would need some help. Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher at Princess Elizabeth School near Hamilton, Ontario, had been through first snow days , many times in her long career, but I think struggled still remember this one.

I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I struggled with my jacket because it didn’t fit well. It was a hand-me-down from my brother, and it made me wonder why I had to wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf were mine, and they were quite pretty. Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots. In her calm, motherly voice she said, "By the end of winter, you will be able to put on own boots. “ I didn’t realize at the time that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.

I handed her my boots and stuck out my foot. Like most children, I expected the adult to do the work. After much wiggling and pushing, she managed to get first one into place and then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.

I announced,“They’re on the wrong feet.”With the grace that only experience can bring,she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of putting them on again.Then I said,“These aren’t my boots.you know.”As she pulled the offending boots from my feet,she still managed to look both helpful and interested.Once they were off.I said,“They are my brother’s boots.My mother makes me wear them,and I hate them!” Somehow,from long years of practice,she managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl.She pushed and shoved less gently this time,and the boots were returned to their proper place on my feet.With a great sigh of relief,seeing the end of her struggle with me,she asked,“Now,where are your gloves?’’

I looked into her eyes and said.“I didn’t want to lose them.so I put them into the toes of my boots.”

小题1:According to the passage,the little girl got     from her brother.

A.the wool snow pants and the jacket

B.the jacket and the boots

C.the jacket and the hat

D.the boots and the gloves小题2:What made it so hard for the teacher to help the little girl put her boots on?

A.The gloves in the toes of the boots.

B.The slowness of the teacher.

C.The wrong size of the boots.

D.The unwillingness of the girl.小题3:It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first snow of winter,the teacher had to help her put on her boots      

A.once

B.twice

C.three times

D.four times小题4:Which of the following sentences from the text BEST indicates that the teacher is very considerate?

A.In her calm,motherly voice she said,“By the end of winter,”(Paragraph 2)

B.With the grace that only experience can bring,she struggled to(Paragraph 4)

C.She still managed to look both helpful and interested.(Paragraph 4)

D.She managed to act as though I wasn’t an annoying little girl.(Paragraph 4)