问题 问答题

兰兰觉得她的家庭缺少温暖,特别是她的母亲好像只疼爱很乖巧的姐姐,并不疼爱她。她初中毕业后家里便要她外出打工,以供养家庭。在邻居的劝说下,兰兰勉强念完了高中,最后考上了大专。现在,兰兰已工作,但她对以前的事情仍然无法释怀,觉得她的家庭虽清贫,但其实也可以供她安心读书,不然她不会只考上一个大专而没有考上好的大学。因为这种不公平的待遇,她有强烈的自怜感及不平感。她的母亲经常说她脾气不好,没人敢娶她,对她不给予任何感情上的支持,所以,兰兰非常怨十艮母亲,因为在家里缺少关爱,兰兰特别珍惜她与男友之间的感情,但由于男友对她的态度日渐冷淡,她提出分手。现在,她感到极为沮丧,觉得生活没有意义。

[问题]


上述案例中。兰兰面临的困境主要有哪些

答案

参考答案:上述案例中,兰兰面临的困境主要有以下几个方面:
(1)与男友分手而产生的沮丧心理
因为家庭缺少温暖,所以兰兰一卜分珍惜与男友的感情。但是,由于男友对她的态度逐渐冷淡,她忍痛提出分手,之后感到极为沮丧。
(2)对母亲的不公平态度非常怨恨
兰兰非常怨恨母亲,觉得母亲对她不公平,不疼爱她,不支持她安心读书,导致她只考上了大专,并且说她脾气不好,没人敢娶,对她不给予任何感情上的支持。
(3)不能接纳真实的自己
由于成长中缺乏家庭温暖,导致兰兰有强烈的自怜感及不平感,对自己没有客观的认识,不能接纳真实的自己。

单项选择题

For many years, people believed that the brain, like the body, rested during sleep. After all, we are rendered unconscious by sleep. Perhaps, it was thought, the brain just needs to stop thinking for a few hours every day. Wrong. During sleep, our brain--the organ that directs us to sleep—is itself extraordinarily active. And much of that activity helps the brain to learn, to remember and to make connections.
It wasn’t so long ago that the regretful joke in research circles was that everyone knew sleep had something to do with memory—except for the people who study sleep and the people who study memory. Then, in 1994, Israeli researchers reported that the average performance for a group of people on a memory test improved when the test was repeated after a break of many hours—during which some subjects slept and others did not. In 2000, a Harvard team demonstrated that this improvement occurred only during sleep.
There are several different types of memory—including declarative (fact-based information), episodic (events from your life) and procedural (how to do something)— and researchers have designed ways to test each of them. In almost every case, whether the test involves remembering pairs of words, tapping numbered keys in a certain order or figuring out the rules in a weather-prediction game, "sleeping on it" after first learning the task improves performance. It’s as if our brains squeeze in some extra practice time while we’re asleep.
This isn’t to say that we can’t form memories when we’re awake. If someone tells you his name, you don’t need to fall asleep to remember it. But sleep will make it more likely that you do. Sleep-deprivation experiments have shown that a tired brain has a difficult time capturing memories of all sorts. Interestingly, sleep deprivation is more likely to cause us to forget information associated with positive emotion than information linked to negative emotion. This could explain, at least in part, why sleep deprivation can trigger depression in some people: memories stained with negative emotions are more likely than positive ones to "stick" in the sleep-deprived brain.
Sleep also seems to be the time when the brain’s two memory systems—the hippocampus (海马体)and the neocortex (新皮质)—"talk" with each other. Experiences that become memories are laid down first in the hippocampus, eliminating whatever is underneath. If a memory is to be retained, it must be shipped from the hippocampus to a place where it will endure—the neocortex, the wrinkled outer layer of the brain where higher thinking takes place. Unlike the hippocampus, the neocortex is a master at weaving the old with the new. And partly because it keeps incoming information at bay, sleep is the best time for the "undistracted" hippocampus to shuttle memories to the neocortex, and for the neocortex to link them to related memories.

How can a piece of information become enduring memory in the brain according to the passage
A. It must go to the hippocampus for processing.
B. It must be transferred to the neocortex.
C. It must eliminate the memory underneath it.
D. It must be captured during the time of sleep.

填空题