问题 完形填空

第三部分任务型阅读(一)(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

Going up to university to study for a degree means you have decided to study professionally, rather than as an amateur; so being a student is now your profession for at least the next four years.

This involves a change of attitude in many ways. Now, instead of taking several subjects, you have chosen one major subject because you find it interesting and worth exploring further. You also have before you the goal of getting a degree. The degree and the stages you have to pass through to achieve it give you motivation. You are no longer forced to stay in school all day, and apart from your class time, you organize your own time and place for studying.

Another change is in the relationship with those who teach you. You are there to study actively rather than to be taught passively. Your teachers may or may not urge you, but they do want you to share their interest in the subject and they want you to succeed. If you get work back with a poorer mark than you expected and with various criticisms, don’t feel discouraged by this; if you don’t understand what is wrong and how to improve, ask your teacher to explain and don’t be satisfied until you do understand.

Professionalism involves training and practicing. Some activities, like reading, note-taking, speaking and discussing are basic to studying. Make sure you can do these effectively. You have to use time well, and practice to improve your skills.

Effective reading is part of your training. Since it is a learned skill we can change the way we did since in primary school and relearn it. Learn how to read fast—how to read with your eyes rather than your throat, how to ignore words like “of” and “the”, and how to keep what you read.

You take notes in class for yourself, not for anyone else, so make your notes easy to read, economical and pleasing to the eye. Vary the arrangement on the page to suit the material (diagrams, columns, underlining), use colored pens for different topics to catch the eye and make things stand out. Work out your own shorthand speedwriting.

Group discussions give you a chance to train your ability to express yourself. Don’t be the non-speaking member of the group. Take an active part in the discussion. In the future you are almost certainly going to have to be good at speaking, so get into the way of talking about your subject now. This is actually more fun than sitting being silently uncomfortable. Nobody will think what you say is foolish. Everyone will be thankful not to face embarrassed silence.

                       

答案

71. problems   72. behaving/disciplining/controlling   73. involved   74. respect75. understanding 

76. citizenship77. academic         78. take          79. increasing/growing   80. role

填空题

(14分) (1) 2009年,长春应用化学研究所在甲醇燃料电池技术上获得新突破,原理如下图所示。

①请写出从C口通入O2发生的电极反应式___________________。

②以石墨电极电解饱和食盐水,电解开始后在______________的周围(填“阴极”或“阳极”)先出现红色。假设电池的理论效率为80%(电池的理论效率是指电池产生的最大电能与电池反应所释放的全部能量之比),若消耗6.4g甲醇气体,外电路通过的电子个数为__________________(保留两位有效数字)。

(2)工业废水中常含有Cu2+等重金属离子,直接排放会造成污染,目前在工业废水处理过程中,依据沉淀转化的原理,常用FeS等难溶物质作为沉淀剂除去这些离子。已知室温下Ksp(FeS)=6.3×10-18mol2•L-2Ksp(CuS)=1.3×10-36mol2•L-2

请用离子方程式说明上述除杂的原理___________________________________________。

(3)工业上为了处理含有Cr2O72的酸性工业废水,用绿矾(FeSO4·7H2O)把废水中的六价铬离子还原成三价铬离子,再加入过量的石灰水,使铬离子转变为Cr(OH)3沉淀。

①氧化还原过程的离子方程式为______________________________________________。

②常温下,Cr(OH)3的溶度积Ksp =1×10—32 mol4•L-4,溶液的pH至少为____,才能使Cr3+沉淀完全。

③现用上述方法处理100m3含铬(+6价)78mg•L—1的废水,需用绿矾的质量为        kg。(保留主要计算过程)

填空题