问题 解答题

设函数f(x)=xex,g(x)=ax2+x

(I)若f(x)与g(x)具有完全相同的单调区间,求a的值;

(Ⅱ)若当x≥0时恒有f(x)≥g(x),求a的取值范围.

答案

(I)∵f(x)=xex,∴f′(x)=ex+xex=(1+x)ex,…(2分)

当x<-1时,f′(x)<0,∴f(x)在(-∞,-1)内单调递减;

当x>-1时,f′(x)>0,∴f(x)在(-1,+∞)内单调递增…(4分)

又g′(x)=2ax+1,由g′(-1)=-2a+1=0,得a=

1
2

此时g(x)=

1
2
x2+x=
1
2
(x+1)2-
1
2

显然g(x)在(-∞,-1)内单调递减,在(-1,+∞)内单调递增,故a=

1
2
.…(6分)

(II)当x≥0时恒有f(x)≥g(x),即f(x)-g(x)=x(ex-ax-1)≥0恒成立.…(7分)

故只需F(x)=ex-ax-1≥0恒成立,

对F(x)求导数可得F′(x)=ex-a.…(8分)

∵x≥0,∴F′(x)=ex-a,

若a≤1,则当x∈(0,+∞)时,F′(x)>0,F(x)为增函数,

从而当x≥0时,F(x)≥F(0)=0,即f(x)≥g(x);…(10分)

若a>1,则当x∈(0,lna)时,F′(x)<0,F(x)为减函数,

从而当x∈(0,lna)时,F(x)<F(0)=0,即f(x)<g(x),故f(x)≥g(x)不恒成立.

故a的取值范围为:a≤1----(12分)

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