问题 材料题

阅读下列材料并回答问题

材料一:唐太宗在端门看见新科进士鱼贯而出,高兴地说:“天下英雄,入吾毂中矣。”(意思是天下的有才之士都被我收罗了)

材料二:明末清初著名思想家顾炎武抨击八股文说:八股之害等于焚书,而败坏人才有甚于咸阳之郊……(这句话的意思是说:八股文的危害相当于秦始皇的焚书,而摧残人才比秦始皇在咸阳郊外坑儒还要严重的多)

请回答:

(1)科举制度始创于哪个朝代?在这之前(三国到南北朝时期)选拔官员主要是通过什么制度?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

(2)结合材料和所学知识说说在唐朝和明清两朝,科举制度都有怎样的发展和变化?

___________________________________________________________________________________________

(3)以上两则材料可以看出,唐太宗和顾炎武对科举制度的态度截然不同。试从科举制度在不同时期所起的作用分析其原因。

___________________________________________________________________________________________

答案

(1)隋朝。九品中正制。

(2)唐朝时科举得到很大发展,逐步走向制度化和规范化。尤其看重进士科,确立了进士科在科举制度中的主导地位。明清两朝实行八股取士,严格限定考试的格式(八股文)和范围(四书五经),并规定应考者不能有个人见解。

(3)唐朝的科举考试是较为公开公平的考试,使一批有真才实学的人进入各级 * * ,对后世有着深远的影响。明朝时许多读书人为了中试,只顾埋头攻读经书,钻研八股文,不讲求实际学问,完全脱离现实生活,无法培养实际能力。八股取士禁锢了人们的思想,阻碍了文化的发展。

单项选择题

Oscar Night Oscar Night is one of the most awaited events in the entire entertainment industry of the world. The award ceremony has become an inseparable component of the life of all the people associated with Hollywood. One cannot simply escape the charm of this wonderful night. The Scheduled time of the glitzy evening of Academy Award is usually late February or early March. It is time when the awards are presented for the year-best achievements in the Motion Picture Industry. The Oscar statuette, presented during the Awards night. Is regarded to be the most prestigious honor for Hollywood artists. Oscar ceremony was started with the intention of acknowledging the excellence in Holly- wood. It was also an approach, made along time back, to encourage the spirit of the people connected with the Motion picture industry. The various categories of award try to honor people involved in all the facets of filmmaking. Academy Awards Night comprises of that point of time when the talented artists of the film fraternity get the apt recognition. It is the best way of honoring the efforts and dedication that go into the making of a movie. Oscars are organized in a grand manner, with an alluring appeal. This mega event takes place an the Kodak Theatre, in Los Angeles, annually. Oscar Night is the much-awaited moment, when all the stars of Hollywood gather at a single venue, The Red Carpet is roiled out for the dignitaries of the function. The air is filled with the gusto and zeal of the celebrities, who are invited to witness this ceremony. The atmosphere of Oscar Night is ruled by an element of surprise. It is the night when the mystery unfolds with each passing moment, with the announcement of winners in various categories.

In the last paragraph, the last word "categories" means ______.

A.varieties

B.territories

C.celebrities

D.vocabularies

单项选择题