阅读下面文字，完成1～4题。

        当年的北平曾有“清华双清”。“双清”者，一是大名鼎鼎的朱自清，一是鼎鼎大名的浦江清，也就是那个常在图书馆过夜的读书人。于今，朱自清依然声名显赫，浦江清却已知者不多。

        浦江清少负文才。大学时期，这羸弱的小青年很快以江南人特有的聪慧脱颖而出。他那令人惊艳的国文、外文和诗文，赢得了曲学大师吴梅的垂青，尤其得到了吴宓的器重。毕业后，因着吴宓的引荐，他来到了清华国学院，与陈寅恪对门而居，任其助教。

        然而，一位年纪轻轻的后生，要胜任一代大师的助教，又谈何容易！在这里，他既要协助陈寅恪教学研究，又要研习东方学，还要辅佐吴宓编《大公报·文学副刊》，更要打理自己的事务。浦江清在短短两年多时间内，先后掌握了法、德、希腊、拉丁、日、梵、满等多门语言；甚至还为陈寅恪编了一部梵文文法。以至于后来他与冯友兰赴欧游学时，一路与西人谈笑自如；这不曾留洋的小讲师那娴熟的英文法文，令留洋多年的冯大教授也自叹弗如。

那些年，北院9 号的那盏灯，总是与14 号的灯光隐然呼应，每每要在凌晨二三点才停歇。这正好就为那些暗夜往返的野兔、野猫和飞禽照亮了道路。

        它同时照亮的还有灯的主人那特别的成才之路：他初则从吴宓治西洋文学，继则随陈寅恪习东方学，后又转入王国维所倾力的中国文史研究。几年悠游涵泳后，浦江清功力大进，终于将三巨头的心法集于一身。

        浦江清虽用功极勤，下笔有神，治学却极谨严，轻易不做学术文章。在12 年里，他的论文只有两篇。数量虽少，质量却高。其《八仙考》一俟问世，各界大表钦服。便是对学界大佬朱希祖都很不以为然的张荫麟也特地跑来祝贺。此文开始奠定了浦江清的学界地位。很快，他那“文史并进、博览无涯”的名气，便在学界不胫而走。其实，他不仅国文好、洋文好，而且诗词俱佳，棋牌在行，曲艺精工，甚至数理天文也无所不通。日后，浦江清久经酝酿，又推出了著名长文《词的讲解》。文章一出，朱自清、叶圣陶、吕叔湘、程千帆等名流均极表激赏，“盛称讲解之精”，以为在俞平伯名作《读词偶得》之上。仅此一文，就奠定了他作为词学高手的地位。

        那一阵，“清华双清”这两个著名的小个子，与修伟潇洒的“清华三荪”（金龙荪、陈岱孙、叶企孙）相映成趣，各擅胜场。

        ……

        抗战胜利，联大解体。浦江清这才回到老家。他敲开门后，女儿立即急匆匆地向母亲汇报：“又来了一个姨夫！”原来他离家多年，女儿早已不识这“陌生人”了。这时的浦江清，已然憔悴瘦削，神采尽失，与先前判若两人。

        浦江清家累已深，身体每况愈下；南方气候养人，不少名校也争相聘请。他终于决意留在东南。不意此时噩耗传来：闻一多在昆明不幸遇刺。朱自清力单难支，立即催他返校。家人反复挽留，他终是拒绝道：“系里正缺人，我怎能不去呢！”他立即北上，回到阔别多年的故地。在那熟悉的北院，他的邻居将有朱自清、刘崇鋐、曹靖华，有吕叔湘、杨业治、王瑶，还有王竹溪、华罗庚、余瑞璜和张青莲等。

        是时，饱经蹂躏的清华园已经满目疮痍，万物萧条，杂花遍地，野兔横行。秋风徐来，落叶飘零。在金灿灿的落叶中，浦江清带着女儿寂然前行。前边早已有人相迎了。“来，快叫这位朱伯伯！”他说。女儿看到的是一位与父亲一样瘦小的男子。“就是《背影》的作者朱自清朱伯伯吗？”她惊问。“是的，你也知道？”浦江清也吃了一惊。

        可惜一年多后，这位《背影》的作者匆匆离去。几十年的刻苦用功，也把浦江清素来羸弱的躯体渐渐掏空了。他的课越讲越漂亮，他的学问越做越深湛，而他的身体也越来越枯瘦。至1957 年，浦江清也遽然倒下，匆匆离去。早年的“清华双清”，终于成了一段学苑佳话。（选自2009 年11 期《读者》，有删改）

1．下列对文章有关内容分析与概括，最恰当的两项是（     ）

A ．浦江清不仅凭借自身的实力赢得了诸多恩师的器重，而且还牢牢地抓住了恩师提供的发展机遇，最终把自己铸成了大器。

B ．浦江清虽然未曾留过学，但是经过自身勤奋锤炼，到赴欧洲游学时，他的整个学术水平已经超越了留洋多年的冯友兰。

C ．物以稀为贵，浦江清凭借一篇《八仙考》就奠定了自身的学界地位，凭借一篇《词的讲解》就奠定了自身词学高手的地位。

D ．浦江清的家累很深，本应居家静养，但在闻一多于昆明不幸遇刺后，他义无反顾地北上返校，这也加剧了他身体的衰竭。

E ．“清华双清”当年都鼎鼎有名，但浦江清轻易不做学术文章，而朱自清却著作等身，所以今天两人的声名已有天渊之别。

2．“厚德载物”是清华大学的校训，从文中看，浦江清的“厚德”表现在哪些方面？请简要概括。

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3．作者写浦江清回到老家女儿竟然不识有何意图？请简要分析。

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4．根据文章内容，请探究浦江清重返清华后“课越讲越漂亮”“学问越做越深湛”的原因。

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One man tells of driving on a long and lonely road, the last 65 miles of it unpaved, in order to watch Indian dances in the state of Arizona. After the dances, he returned to his car only to find that it had a flat tire. He put on the spare and drove to the only service station in that town.

“Do you fix flats?” he inquired of the attendant.

“Yes,” came the answer.

“How much do you charge?” he asked.

With a twinkle in his eye, the man replied, “What difference does it make?”

This is what has been called a “Hobson’s choice”. A Hobson’s choice is a situation that forces a person to accept whatever is offered or go without.

According to Barbara Berliner, the phrase was inspired by sixteenth-century entrepreneur (企业家) Thomas Hobson. There was no choice by the customer — it was strictly Hobson’s choice.

But often we really have a choice, and the choice does make a difference. We may not always believe it. We may feel as if we have no choice, but almost always there is a choice in the matter. And when we realize that we do most things by choice, then we are taking control of our own lives.

Someone challenged me to try an experiment that completely changed my perspective. “For the next seven days,” he said, “eliminate the words ‘I have to’ from your vocabulary and say ‘I choose to’. Don’t say, ‘I have to work late tonight’. Instead, say, ‘I choose to work late’. When you choose to do it, you take control of your life. Instead of saying, ‘I have to stay home’, try ‘I choose to stay home’. The way you spend your time is your choice. You are responsible. You have control.”

In just seven days I was no longer saying “I have to” and I felt better about my decisions. I learned that there is very little in my life I actually have to do. You and I decide to do certain things because we believe that it will be for the best. When we eliminate “I have to” from our vocabularies, we take control.

Try it for a week and you see what happens. I think you’ll see it’s a change for the better.

小题1: What did the attendant mean by saying “What difference does it make”?

A．The man didn’t need to pay for the work.

B．It was unnecessary for the man to ask about the price.

C．There was no need for the man to have the tire fixed.

D．The man should keep silent.小题2:The author learnt from the experiment that he      .

A．could become more challenging

B．could spend more time relaxing himself

C．should take pleasure in helping others

D．actually changed his attitudes towards life小题3:What does the underlined word “eliminate” mean?

A．Remember.

B．Repeat.

C．Remove.

D．Recite.小题4:What is the situation where we have a “Hobson’s choice”?

A．We have no choice but to follow.

B．We should often change our choice.

C．We should make preparations before a journey.

D．We should think twice before taking action.小题5: The purpose of writing this text is to            .

A．advise us to become active in life

B．explain what Hobson’s choice is

C．tell an interesting story about the author

D．accept others’ advice modestly