问题 解答题
已知函数f(x)=
1
3
x3+ax2+bx,a,b∈R

(1)曲线C:y=f(x)经过点P(1,2),且曲线C在点P处的切线平行于直线y=2x+1,求a,b的值;
(2)在(1)的条件下试求函数g(x)=m[f(x)-
7
3
x](m∈R,m≠0)
的极小值;
(3)若f(x)在区间(1,2)内存在两个极值点,求证:0<a+b<2.
答案

(1)对函数求导可得,f′(x)=x2+2ax+b,

由题设知:

 f(1)=
1
3
+a+b=2
 f′(1)=1+2a+b=2
解得
 a=-
2
3
 b=
7
3
.
(4分)

(2)由(1)知g(x)=

m
3
(x3-2x2),g′(x)=mx(x-
4
3
),

当m>0时,g(x)在(-∞,0),(

4
3
,+∞)上递增,在(0,
4
3
)上递减,

所以g(x)的极小值为g(

4
3
)=-
32
81
m;

当m<0时,g(x)在(-∞,0),(

4
3
,+∞)上递减,在(0,
4
3
)上递增,

所以g(x)的极小值为g(0)=0;(8分)

(3)证明:因为f(x)在区间(1,2)内存在两个极值点,所以f′(x)=0,即x2+2ax+b=0在(1,2)内有两个不等的实根.

f′(1)=1+2a+b>0,(1)
f′(2)=4+4a+b>0,  (2)
1<-a<2,(3)
△=4(a2-b)>0. (4)
(11分)

由 (1)+(3)得a+b>0,由(4)得a+b<a2+a,

∴-2<a<-1,又a2+a=(a+

1
2
)2-
1
4
<2,

∴a+b<2.

故a+b的取值范围是(0,2)(14分)

综合题

阅读以下材料:

材料一  1918年列宁说:“在一个遭受帝国主义战争破坏的国家里,实行余粮收集制,禁止自由贸易……不仅是维护生活和对付战争,已经超越‘一般革命’的任务,而且是 * * 主义的任务,是推进社会主义的主要门径。”

——摘自《苏联史》

材料二 我们原来打算直接用无产阶级国家的法令,在一个小农国家里按 * * 主义原则来调整国家的生产和产品分配。现实生活说明我们犯了错误。

——摘自《列宁选集》

材料三  1921年列宁又说:“目前已很清楚,我们用冲击的办法,即用简捷、迅速、直接的办法实现社会主义生产和分配的原则的尝试已经失败了。……政治形势向我们表明。在许多经济问题上,必须退到国家资本主义上去,从冲击转到围攻的方法上去。”

——摘自《苏联兴亡史》

材料四  必须后退,再后退,从国家资本主义转到由国家调节买卖业和货币流通,商品交换没有得到丝毫结果,私人市场比我们强大,通常的买卖、贸易代替了商品交换。

——摘自《列宁全集》第42卷

请回答:

(1)材料一是针对什么政策而言的?

(2)结合材料一和材料二说明列宁实施这一政策的目的除了战争需要之外,主要目的是什么?

(3)材料三说明苏俄的经济政策发生了怎样的变化?变化后的中心措施是什么?

(4)材料四中的“再后退”退到什么地步?“后退”的根本目的是什么?

(5)结合材料回答,从苏俄经济政策的转变中能得出什么结论?

单项选择题

I got a job teaching special education at a school in Coachella, California, a desert town about 170 miles from home. It was no (1) job. Street gangs (2) around the school after dark.

"Be careful, " Dad warned me during one of my frequent weekend (3) home. He was concerned about my living (4) , but I needed to be on my own.

One evening, I stayed after school to rearrange my classroom. (5) , I turned out the light and closed the door. Then I (6) toward the gate. It was (7) ! I looked around. Everyone had gone home.

After (8) all the exits, I found just enough (9) to squeeze under a gate in the back of the school. Then I walked toward my car, parked in a field behind the building.Suddenly I heard voices. I (10) around and saw at least eight boys following me. (11) my pace, I reached into my shoulder bag to get my key. I (12) all over the inside of my handbag. But the key wasn’t (13) ! Dear Lord, please help me, I prayed (14) . Suddenly, my fingers touched a loose key in my purse. I didn’t even know if it was for my car, but I took it out and (15) it. It worked!I opened the door, slid in and locked it—just (16) the teenagers surrounded the car. Trembling , I started the engine and (17) away. When I returned to my apartment, the phone was ringing. It was my Dad. I didn’t tell him about my experience; I didn’t want to (18) him. "Oh, I forgot to tell you!" He said, "I had a (n) (19) car key made and slipped it into your purse—just (20) you ever need it.

10()

A.glared 

B.glanced 

C.walked 

D.turned