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问题 多项选择题

下列属于运用“银版摄影法”拍摄的作品有______

A．《牵马的孩子》

B．《工作室一角》

C．《巴黎寺院街》

D．《汉堡大火废墟》

E．《死亡的山谷》

答案

参考答案：B,C,D

解析：本题主要考查的知识点是早期摄影术及摄影作品。
摄影术发明人的活动及其代表作品主要有：(1)尼埃普斯发明“日光摄影法”，代表作品有《窗外景色》(1826年)和《牵马的孩子》(1825年)，从某种意义上说，尼埃普斯是摄影术的真正发明者；(2)达盖尔以尼埃普斯的成果为基础，发明了“银版摄影法”，代表作品有《工作室一角》(1837年)和《巴黎寺院街》(1838年)，被世界公认为“摄影术发明者”；(3)塔尔博特于1835年发明“卡罗摄影法”(最具价值、对后世影响最大的摄影方法)，他可能拍摄了世界首张负片人物肖像(1845年)。选项D的拍摄者是比鸥乌和史特尔茨纳，他们所运用的摄影方法为“银版摄影法”。选项E的拍摄者是罗杰·芬顿，他所使用的拍摄方法是火棉胶湿版法。依题意，答案为BCD。

单项选择题

Phyllis Wheatley is regarded as America’s first black poet. She was born in Senegal, Africa, about 1753 and brought to America aboard a slave ship at about the age of seven. John and Susannah Wheatley bought her for three pounds at a slave auction in Boston in 1761 to be a personal servant of Mrs. Wheatley. The family had three other slaves, and all were treated with respect. Phyllis was soon accepted as one of the family, which included being raised and educated with the Wheatley’s twin 15-year-old children, Mary and Nathaniel. At that time, most females, even from better families, could not read and write, but Mary was probably one of the best educated young women in Boston. Mary wanted to become a teacher, and in fact, it was Mary who decided to take charge of Phyllis’s education. Phyllis soon displayed her remarkable talents. At the age of twelve she was reading the Greek and Latin classics and passages from the Bible. And eventually, Mrs. Wheatley decided Phyllis should become a Christian.
At the age of thirteen Phyllis wrote her first poem. She became a Boston sensation after she wrote a poem on the death of the evangelical preacher George Whitfield in 1770. It became common practice in Boston to have" Mrs. Wheatley’s Phyllis" read poetry in polite society. Mary married in 1771, and Phyllis later moved to the country because of poor health, as a teacher and caretaker to a farmer’s three children. Mary had tried to interest publishers in Phyllis’s poems but once they heard she was a Negro they weren’t interested.
Then in 1773 Phyllis went with Nathaniel, who was now a businessman, to London. It was thought that a sea voyage might improve her health. Thirty-nine of her poems were published in London as Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral. It was the first book published by a black American. In 1775 Phyllis wrote a poem extolling the accomplishments of George Washington and sent it to him. He responded by praising her talents and inviting her to visit his headquarters. After both of her benefactors died in 1777, and Mary died in 1778, Phyllis was freed as a slave. She married in 1778, moved away from Boston, and had three children. But after the unhappy marriage, she moved back to Boston, and died in poverty at the age of thirty.

The underlined word "eventually" in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ______.

A．ultimately

B．slowly

C．reluctantly

D．gradually
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单项选择题

西北地区某沟谷中土的天然含水量为14%，土体比重平均值为2.60，泥石流流体中固体物质体积与水的体积比约为0.15，沟谷中设计清水流量为2000m3/s，该沟谷中设计泥石流流量为（）m3/s。

A．2300

B．2440

C．2802

D．2919
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