已知函数f(x)=lnx-ax+1在x=2处的切线斜率为-
(I)求实数a的值及函数f(x)的单调区间; (II)设g(x)=
(III)证明:
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(Ⅰ)函数的定义域为(0,+∞).
由已知得:f′(x)=
-a,f′(2)=1 x
-a=-1 2
,解得a=1.1 2
于是f′(x)=
-1=1 x
,当x∈(0,1)时,f′(x)>0,f (x)为增函数,1-x x
当x∈(1,+∞)时,f′(x)<0,f (x)为减函数,
即f (x)的单调递增区间为(0,1),单调递减区间为(1,+∞).
(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知,∀x1∈(0,+∞),f (x1)≤f (1)=0,即f (x1)的最大值为0,
由题意知:对∀x1∈(0,+∞),∃x2∈(-∞,0)使得f (x1)≤g(x2)成立,
只须f (x)max≤g(x)max.
∵g(x)=
=x+x2+2kx+k x
+2k=-(-x+k x
)+2k≤-2k -x
+2k,∴只须-2k
+2k≥0,解得k≥1.k
故k的取值范围[1,+∞).
(Ⅲ)要证明:
+ln2 22
+…+ln3 32
<lnn n2
(n∈N*,n≥2)•2n2-n-1 4(n+1)
只须证
+2ln2 22
+…+2ln3 32
<2lnn n2
,2n2-n-1 2(n+1)
即证
+ln22 22
+…+ln32 32
<lnn2 n2
,2n2-n-1 2(n+1)
由(Ⅰ)知,当x∈(1,+∞)时,f′(x)<0,f (x)为减函数,
∴f (x)=lnx-x+1≤f(1)=0,即lnx≤x-1,
∴当n≥2时,lnn2<n2-1,
<lnn2 n2
=1-n2-1 n2
<1-1 n2
=1-1 n(n+1)
+1 n
,1 n+1
+ln22 22
+…+ln32 32
<(1-lnn2 n2
+1 2
)+(1-1 2+1
+1 3
)+…+(1-1 3+1
+1 n
)1 n+1
=n-1-
+1 2
=1 n+1
,2n2-n-1 2(n+1)
∴
+ln2 22
+…+ln3 32
<lnn n2
.2n2-n-1 4(n+1)