问题 材料分析题

20世纪80年代出生的年轻一代称为“80后”。他们经历了市场经济、全球化、互联网进程的洗礼,消费观念、消费行为呈现出鲜明的个性特征:追求时尚、个性——标榜“我就喜欢”,崇尚“我有我风格”、“我的地盘,我做主”, 不满足于标准化、模式化,对新生事物接受能力强,喜欢追随时尚、新鲜、前沿的消费潮流,看重产品的夸耀性、符号性和个性化。追求享受和品牌--吃要美味,穿要名牌,玩要高档,讲究排场,互相攀比,品牌意识鲜明。倾向超前消费--敢于“花明天的钱,圆今天的梦”。许多人很少考虑为将来而储蓄,花钱没有节制,挣多少花多少,常常是“月光一族”。虽然经济能力不强,但敢于贷款买车、买房。运用经济生活知识回答:

(1)结合上述材料简要概括“80后”消费特征体现的消费心理。

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(2)“80后”追求个性、热衷于对新产品与众不同的消费。有何积极意义?

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(3)你怎样认识“花明天的钱,圆今天的梦”这种消费行为?

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(4)针对“80后”消费现象,请你谈谈如何做一个“做理性的消费者”?

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答案

(1)追求时尚、新鲜、前沿的消费潮流体现了从众的消费心理;追求个性、与众不同体现了求异的消费心理;追求享受和品牌、讲究排场体现了攀比的消费心理。

(2)这种消费可以推动新工艺和新产品的出现,客观上推动了科技的革新和进步。

(3)“花明天的钱,圆今天的梦”指的是信贷消费,如果信贷消费依据国情及自身实际进行,并且未来有偿还能力,不失为一种可行的选择,有利于促进生产的发展和经济的增长;如果超过了自身实际和偿还能力,就属于超前消费,容易引发债务危机,背上沉重的债务包袱,不值得提倡。

(4)量入为出,适度消费,在自己的承受能力之内消费;避免盲从,理性消费,承担社会责任;保护环境,绿色消费,增强可持续的消费理念;勤俭节约,艰苦奋斗,反对铺张浪费。

阅读理解

Jack was born in a poor family. His father had a small boat and went fishing in the morning and sold the fish in the market in the afternoon. Then he bought some food for his family. When winter came, they were often hungry. One morning the hungry man fell into the river and nobody found him. Jack's mother left her three-year-old son without saying goodbye. His aunt had to look after him.

Twenty years passed. Jack became a tall, strong man. He worked on a farm. He worked hard and wanted to get more money to marry (结婚). He often went to see his aunt with some nice presents. The woman was very happy. But one day she died (死) in a traffic accident (交通事故). The young man was very sad. After he buried (埋葬) her, he decided to buy a beautiful tombstone (墓碑) for her. He went to the town and came into a shop, but all the tombstones were too expensive. He asked, "Do you sell an old tombstone, sir?"

"Yes, we do, sir," answered the shopkeeper.

"Is it as expensive as the new one?"

"No, it is much cheaper," said the man. "But another name was engraved (刻) on it."

"It doesn't matter," said the man. "My aunt could not read."

小题1:Jack's father is a     .

A.fisherman

B.driver

C.worker

D.farmer小题2:As          , the family were hungry.

A.Jack's father had to look after him in winter

B.Jack's father could catch little fish in winter

C.no food was sold in winter

D.Jack's father was often ill in winter小题3:Jack's mother       when Jack was three years old.

A.left

B.went out

C.married

D.died小题4:Jack wanted to get more money to     .

A.build a house

B.buy a farm

C.give his aunt nice presents

D.marry a wife小题5:Jack wanted to buy an old tombstone because     .

A.he had not enough to buy a new one

B.his aunt could not know whose name was engraved

C.his aunt was not going to mind it

D.nobody knew what his aunt's name was

选择题