问题 解答题

如图为普通光学显微镜结构示意图,请回答下列问题:

(1)图中[4]的名称是______.

(2)观察时,先转动图中的[______]______使[2]镜筒缓慢下降,直到[4]接近玻片标本为止.

(3)若显微镜视野中出现了一个污点,移动玻片标本和转换[4],这个污点均没有变化,可以判断这个污点是在[______]______上.

答案

(1)图中的4是物镜.物镜 安装在镜筒的下端,观察时靠近玻片标本.

(2)在显微镜的结构中,粗细准焦螺旋螺旋是对焦用的,用于调整镜筒的上升下降,以达到一个合适的位置来看清图象,粗准焦螺旋焦距大,能较大范围地升降镜筒,细准焦螺旋焦距小,能小范围地升降镜筒.细准焦螺旋的作用可以较小幅度的升降镜筒,调出更清晰的物像.观察时,先转动图中的14粗准焦螺旋,使[2]镜筒缓慢下降,直到[4]接近玻片标本为止.

(3)我们视野中能看到污点的位置只有目镜、物镜、与玻片标本,在实验中转动物镜和玻片标本污点都不动,这就排除了污点在物镜与玻片标本上的可能,只能是在目镜上了.

故答案为:(1)物镜;

(2)[14]粗准焦螺旋;

(3)[1]目镜.

阅读理解

Modern Manners

Philip Howard answers your questions on contemporary etiquette (礼仪)

Philip Howard,

When my friend and I (two ladies of a certain age) go out to have a meal, she always leaves an extremely large tip. At times, the tip will equal the amount of one of the main dishes—sometimes it comes to about 30 per cent of the bill. I feel 15—20 per cent is adequate for services offered and depending on the type of restaurant. At a cafe I would like to leave 15 per cent or a bit more depending on the service and etc. A larger tip would be appropriate if we are in a big city or a nicer place. My friend says “Well, I am sure they are not driving a Mercedes (奔驰汽车).” Well, neither am I, and how does she know? Who is correct and how can I make changes? I might add I do truly feel tipping should be based on good service, and also if you frequent a place and know the staff a larger tip is OK. I would never hesitate to tip a waitperson. I always leave to the higher side.  

     Yours,

                                      Barbara Bade

Barbara Bade,

Americans are more generous tippers than the British. I suspect that 10 per cent for a tip is about normal in the UK. Tipping is a strange survival in our age of supposed equality and minimum wages. Your friend has a generous nature and deep purse. I do not see why you cannot let her tip whatever she wants, and do your own thing. I agree that a tip should be a reward for good service and general good feeling. If the service is rotten and the meal a disaster, we should withhold a tip and explain why we are doing so. Few of us have the chutzpah (厚颜) to do this. Sensible restaurants have a box for tips, so that they are shared out among the staff, including those in the kitchens whom we do not see. (I trust that the management does not receive the money as extra profit.) I look forward to the day when waiters and other servants are paid a good enough living wage, so that they do not have to depend on the generosity of strangers to survive. To wait at table is just as honorable a way to earn a living in this wicked world. If you are pleased with the meal and cheerful service, you should tip as handsomely as your purse affords. I don’t suppose that your waiter / waitress is driving a Mercedes, even in the States. 

Yours,

Philip Howard

60. We can learn from the first letter that Barbara prefers ___________.

A. changing her own ideas on how to tip waiters

B. leaving a bigger tip to the familiar waitpersons

C. eating at a café rather than in a nice restaurant

D. saving as much money as possible for herself

61. It can be inferred that Barbara’s friend tips waiters heavily ________.

A. to show that she is well off                           B. because they are thought to be poorly paid

C. to show that she is generous                       D. because they have offered her full service

62. Besides quality of service, Philip regards __________ as principles of tipping.

A. taste of food and amount of one’s money

B. taste of food and the number of servants

C. generosity of strangers and the number of servants

D. amount of one’s money and generosity of strangers

单项选择题 A型题