女，35岁。脾切除、小肠切除吻合术后第5天，已排气，头痛、恶心、腹胀，随后出现寒战、四肢发绀，T39.6℃，P108次／分，BP135／85mmHg，近24小时尿量650ml。轻度腹胀，腹软，全腹轻压痛，无反跳痛肌紧张。肠鸣音3次／分。最可能的原因为（）。
A.小肠吻合口漏
B.手术后创面出血
C.急性肾衰竭
D.革兰阴性杆菌感染
E.高位肠梗阻
参考答案：D
解析：①患者体温明显升高，考虑为感染，故白细胞计数最有可能出现异常。②脾脏是人体最大的免疫器官，患者脾切除术后，体温明显升高，为革兰阴性杆菌感染。
Passage 1
| Friends play an important part in our lives, and although we may take the fact of friendship for granted, we often don’t clearly understand how we make friends. (76)While we get on well with a number of people, we are usually friends with only a very. few--for example, the average among students is about 6 per person. Moreover, a great many relationships come under the general term "friendship". In all cases, two people like one another and enjoy being together, but beyond that, the degree of closeness between them and the reasons for their common interest vary greatly. At first, much depends on how people meet, and on favorable first impressions. As we get to know people, we take into account things like age, race, physical attractiveness, economic and social status, and intelligence. Although these factors are not of chief importance, it is more difficult to relate to people when there is a noticeable difference in age and background. On a more immediate level, we are sensitive to actual behavior, facial expression, and tone of voice. Friends will stand close together and will spend more time looking at each other than mere acquaintances (熟人) .Smiles and soft voices also express friendliness, and it is because they may transmit(传递)the wrong signals that shy people often have difficulty in making friends. A friendly gaze with the wrong facial expression can nm into an aggressive (挑衅的) stare, and nervousness may be misread as hostility. People who don’t look one in the eye are mistrusted when, in fact, they simply lack confidence. Some relationships thrive(兴旺)on argument and discussion, but it is usual for close friends to have similar ideas and beliefs, to have attitudes and interests in common- they often talk about" being on the same wavelength". It generally takes time to reach this point; sometimes people become friends immediately. (77) The more intimately involved people become, the more they rely on one another. People want to do friends favors and hate to let them down. Equally, friends have to put up with unpleasant habits, and to tolerate difference of opinions. |
According to the evidence in the passage,______.
A．only one sixth of the students make friends
B．only a very few students make friends
C．everyone likes to make friends with students
D．on the average, a student may have about 6 friends