问题 综合题

真假火烧阿房宫

材料一   司马迁《史记·秦始皇本纪》:“三十五年 (前212年)……先作前殿阿房……阿房宫未成。”又《史记·项羽本纪》载:“项羽引兵西屠咸阳,杀秦降王子婴,烧秦宫室,火三月不灭,收其货宝妇女而东。”

材料二   班固在《汉书·五行志下》:秦“复起阿房,未成而亡”。

材料三   杜牧《阿房宫赋》:“六王毕,四海一;蜀山兀,阿房出。覆压三百余里,隔离天日。

……楚人一炬,可怜焦土。”

材料四    2002年10月至2004年12月,考古工作者对阿房宫遗址进行了“地毯式”的全面考古勘探,结果没有发现秦代建筑遗物堆积层和秦代宫殿建筑遗迹,更没有发现被大火焚烧的建筑遗存。据此,阿房宫考古队提出:阿房宫没有建成,它只是一个“半拉子”工程;阿房宫并不存在。

问题:

(1)简要概括材料一、三、四的观点。

(2)在上述四则材料中,哪则材料的史学研究价值最低?为什么?

(3)“火烧阿房宫”已流传千年,在阿房宫遗址考古发掘的成果公布后,你是如何看待这一现象的?

答案

(1)材料一:秦始皇修建了阿房宫前殿,项羽焚烧秦宫室,未说明是否包括阿房宫;材料三:阿房宫已建成但被项羽(楚人)烧掉,秦灭亡的重要原因是修建了阿房宫等滥用人力、物力;材料四:阿房宫未建成,只是一个“半拉子”工程;阿房宫并不存在。

(2)杜牧的文学作品《阿房宫赋》。因为其中包含的虚构和夸张成分很多。

(3)从考古材料和挖掘现场来看,阿房宫并未建成,更没有被火烧毁,但还有待于进一步研究。随

着新材料的发现,历史解释、历史论点也会有所改变。

本题通过史料结合考古新发现进行开放性的探究,考查历史上“火烧阿房宫”的真假,目的是考查历史史料和考古发现对历史真实程度的佐证作用。解答第(1)问需要解读材料一、三、四中关于“火烧阿房宫”的叙述,提炼出每则材料的核心观点;第(2)问,比较四则材料,从文字记载对史学研究的佐证作用的大小来判断,进而分析其史学研究价值低的原因;第(3)问根据材料四的叙述提炼观点,根据史学研究的理论发表自己的看法,只要言之有理即可。

完形填空

A man worked in a post office. His job was to handle all  36  that had unclear addresses. One day he came across a letter which was  37  to God. He opened it and it  38  , "Dear God, I am an 83-year-old woman and I live on a very small pension (养老金). Yesterday someone stole my  39  . There was a hundred dollars in it, which was all the money I had  40  until my next pension comes. Next Thursday is Thanksgiving Day, and I have invited my last two friends for  41 . Without that money, I have  42  to buy food with. I have no family to  43  , and you are my only  44  . Can you please help me?" The man was  45  , and went around showing the letter to all the other workers. Each of them  46 their wallets and donated a few dollars. By the time he  47  his showing, he had collected 96 dollars.  48  then he sent it to the old woman. Thanksgiving Day came and went. The workers 49  forgot about it. Then one day, there came another letter from the old lady to God. All the 50  gathered around when the letter was  51 . It read, "Dear God, how can I ever thank you enough for what you did for me? Because of your kindness, I was able to  52  a lovely dinner for my friends. We had a very  53  day, and I told my friends about your  54 gift. Thank you very much!" Seeing this, all the workers felt 55  with the nice thing they had done. They looked into each other’s eyes and smiled.

小题1:

A.stamps

B.money

C.mail

D.postcards小题2:

A.spoken

B.written

C.recorded

D.pointed小题3:

A.noticed

B.talked

C.read

D.told小题4:

A.clothes

B.purse

C.house

D.food小题5:

A.borrowed

B.wished

C.paid

D.left小题6:

A.dinner

B.fun

C.business

D.picnic小题7:

A.nothing

B.anything

C.something

D.everything小题8:

A.live in

B.live on

C.turn to

D.turn back小题9:

A.family

B.hope

C.friend

D.partner小题10:

A.excited

B.amazed

C.surprised

D.moved小题11:

A.gained

B.earned

C.searched

D.explored小题12:

A.finished

B.planned

C.started

D.toured小题13:

A.Or

B.As

C.And

D.But小题14:

A.gradually

B.usually

C.especially

D.easily小题15:

A.friends

B.workers

C.officers

D.guests小题16:

A.sent

B.replied

C.accepted

D.opened小题17:

A.bring

B.choose

C.prepare

D.enjoy小题18:

A.nice

B.strange

C.common

D.formal小题19:

A.traditional

B.wonderful

C.expensive

D.extra小题20:

A.annoyed

B.confident

C.pleased

D.hopeful

单项选择题