问题 计算题

如图所示的电路中,各电源的内阻均为零,其中B、C两点与其右方由1.0Ω的电阻和2.0Ω的电阻构成的无穷组合电路相接。求图中10μF的电容器与E点相接的极板上的电荷量。

答案

解:设B、C右方无穷组合电路的等效电阻为RBC,则题图中通有电流的电路可以简化为图1中的电路。B、C右方的电路又可简化为图2的电路,其中是虚线右方电路的等效电阻

由于B'、C'右方的电路与B、C右方的电路结构相同,而且都是无穷组合电路,故有

由电阻串、并联公式可得

由式①、②两式得

解得RBC=2.0Ω ③

图1所示回路中的电流为 ④,电流沿顺时针方向

设电路中三个电容器的电容分别为C1、C2和C3,各电容器极板上的电荷分别为Q1、Q2和Q3,极性如图3所示

由于电荷守恒,在虚线框内,三个极板上电荷的代数和应为零,即Q1+Q2-Q3=0 ⑤

A、E两点间的电势差

又有

B、E两点间的电势差

又有 ⑨

根据⑤、⑥、⑦、⑧、⑨式并代入C1、C2和C3之值后可得Q3=1.3×10-4C ⑩

即电容器C3与E点相接的极板带负电,电荷量为1.3×10-4C

完形填空

阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

When I entered Berkeley, I hoped to earn a scholarship. Having been a Straight-A student, I believed I could __36__ tough subjects and really learn something. One such course was World Literature given by Professor Jayne. I was extremely interested in the ideas he 37 in class.

When I took the first exam, I was 38 to find a 77, C-plus, on my test paper,   39  English was my best subject. I went to Professor Jayne, who listened to my arguments but remained_ 40  .

I decided to try harder, although I didn’t know what that  41 because school had always been easy for me. I read the books more carefully, but got another 77. Again, I   42 with Professor Jayne. Again, he listened patiently but wouldn’t change his 43    .

One more test before the final exam. One more  44 to improve my grade. So I redoubled my efforts and, for the first time.   45  The meaning of the word “thorough”. But my  46__    did no good and everything  47  as before.

The last hurdle(障碍) was the final. No matter what   48  I got, it wouldn’t cancel three C-pluses. I might as well kiss the   49  goodbye.

I stopped working head. I felt I knew the course material as well as I ever would. The night before the final, I even  50 myself to a movie. The next day I decided for once I’d have  51__with a test.

A week later, I was surprised to find I got an A. I hurried into professor Jayne’s office. He  52__ to be expecting me. “If I gave you the As you  53 , you wouldn’t continue to work as hard.”

I stared at him.  54 That his analysis and strategy(策略) were correct. I had worked my head   55 , as I had never done before.

I was speechless when my course grade arrived: A-plus. It was the only A-plus given. The next year I received my scholarship. I’ve always remembered Professor Jayne’s lesson: you alone must set your own standard of excellence.

36.  A. take        B. discuss      C. cover         D. get

37.  A. sought      B. presented    C. exchanged     D. obtained

38.  A. shocked     B. worried      C. scared        D. anxious

39.  A. but         B. so          C. for           D. or

40.  A. unchanged   B. unpleasant   C. unfriendly     D. unmoved

41.  A. reflected     B. meant       C. improved     D. affected

42.  A. quarreled    B. reasoned     C. bargained     D. chatted

43.  A. attitude      B. mind        C. plan         D. view

44.  A. choice       B. step         C. chance       D. measure

45.  A. memorized    B. considered   C. accepted      D. learned

46.  A. ambition      B. confidence   C. effort         D. method

47.  A. stayed        B. went        C. worked       D. changed

48.  A. grade         B. answer      C. lesson        D. comment

49.  A. scholarship     B. course      C. degree       D. subject

50.  A. helped         B. favored     C. treated       D. relaxed

51.  A. fun            B. luck      C. problems      D. tricks.

52.  A. happened       B. proved     C. pretended     D. seemed

53.  A. valued         B. imagined    C. expected     D. welcomed

54.  A. remembering    B. guessing    C. supposing    D. realizing

55.  A. out            B. over       C. on           D. off

填空题