问题 单项选择题 A1/A2型题

维生素C缺乏所致鼻出血的机制是()。

A.神经末梢退行性变而导致黏膜萎缩

B.黏膜发生剧烈充血、血运停滞

C.鼻黏膜上皮及其腺体逐渐出现退行性变

D.鼻黏膜的血管壁通透性和脆性增加

E.鼻黏膜上皮组织干燥、过度角化

答案

参考答案:D

解析:

维生素B1缺乏导致神经末梢退行性变而导致黏膜萎缩,黄体激素可使黏膜发生剧烈充血、血运停滞,男女在更年期后或在睾丸或卵巢切除之后,鼻黏膜上皮及其腺体逐渐出现退行性变。维生素A缺乏,可导致鼻黏膜上皮组织干燥。维生素C缺乏,可致胶原蛋白合成受阻,细胞间质中胶原纤维的合成发生障碍,细胞间的正常胶态不能维持,鼻黏膜的血管壁通透性和脆性增加,较易发生鼻出血。

阅读理解

Moms take care of their children life and dads bring home food and make the family rules. These are the roles moms and dads fall into when they become parents and it’s common among all cultures. But times change and parents’ roles seem to be changing, too. More women are bringing home food by having full-time jobs and men are taking care of their children at home.

Chinese TV show Where Are We Going, Dad ? provides a closer look at the changing roles of dads in modern family life. The show follows the adventures(冒险经历)of five celebrity(明星)dads who take trips with their young children (aged 4 to 6) and try to complete a set of tasks. It shows how young dads are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them. Young dads no longer want to be cold.

Psychologists(心理学家)say that a strong fatherly influence is important in a child’s development. Fathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things. They also give them a sense of safety. A child learns that if something goes wrong, he or she can depend on dad to help fix it. The psychologists also say that without a dad, a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble.

A mother’s love is important, and so is a father’s love. Chen Mo, a psychology professor says,“It takes both parents to raise a child. Children have different needs at different ages and this needs to be considered by both parents.”

小题1: What are the common roles of moms and dads in all cultures? ______

A.Moms take care of their children and dads bring home food and make the family rules.

B.Moms bring home food by having full-time jobs and dads take care of their children at home.

C.Both parents take care of their children at home.

D.Both parents go out to work, while grandparents take care of their children at home.小题2:What are the young dads trying to do in the show? ______   

A.They are trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.

B.They are trying to complete a set of tasks with their kids. They are also trying hard to find the best way to raise their children and keep a closer relationship with them.

C.They are trying to make more money.

D.They are trying to be cold to their kids.小题3:Why is a strong fatherly influence important in a child’s development?______   

A.Fathers teach their children skills and encourage them to try new things. They also give them a sense of safety.

B.If something goes wrong, a child can depend on dad to help fix it.

C.With a dad, a child can do better in school work.

D.Without a dad, a child is more possible to drop out of school and get into trouble.小题4: What is a child more possible to do without a dad?______

A.Stay out late

B.Get into trouble and do badly in school work.

C.Drop out of school.

D.Drop out of school and get into trouble.小题5:Why does it take both parents to raise a child? ______

A.A child feels safer with both parents.

B.A child feels happier with both parents.

C.Both parents need to consider that children have different needs at different ages.

D.It is both the father’s and the mother’s duty to raise a child.

多项选择题