问题 问答题 案例分析题

一般资料:求助者,男性,26岁,硕士研究生。求助者主述:近一年来焦虑,紧张,注意力不集中,情绪低落,伴失眠。咨询师的观察与了解:求助者母亲介绍:求助者从小家庭环境优越,家庭教育严格,是独生子。由奶奶带大,奶奶对其身体健康状态非常重视。性格内向,有些胆小怕事。学习成绩优良,人际关系尚可,没有遇到过什么挫折,做事追求完美,因掉头发问题而困扰。心理咨询师观察到:求助者神情焦虑.不安,很局促,情绪低落,但思路清晰,有礼貌。下面是心理咨询师与求助者的部分咨询谈话:心理咨询师:你目前的心理问题是什么呢?求助者:一年前,谈了2年的女朋友因为出国和我分手了,失恋的痛苦还没有过去,我又在学校组织的篮球比赛中摔骨折了。眼看快要毕业了,我的论文还没有写完,心里非常着急。不知什么原因,突然耳朵听不见了,被医院诊断为突发性耳聋,只能每天到医院治疗。本来时间就紧,还要做治疗,我体会到了"人要倒霉,喝凉水都塞牙"。更为倒霉的是我最近经常掉头发,天哪!我这是怎么了?耳聋.掉头发的事扰得我快要发疯了,什么都干不下去,根本没法写论文,白天没法做实验,晚上没法睡觉,经常失眠,一天只能睡两三个小时。还有几个月就要论文答辩了,我感到毕业的希望很渺茫,哪还有什么心思找工作啊。心理咨询师:你失恋了,摔骨折了,耳聋还掉头发,我也为你的遭遇难受,你目前的情绪是怎样的呢?求助者:就是烦,特别的烦,整天忧心忡忡,不知还会发生什么倒霉的事,为此茶饭不思。每天都很紧张,但什么都没有干成,情绪很不好。心理咨询师:你的亲朋好友都为你做了些什么?求助者:导师.家长,还有同学们倒是很关心我,都在帮我,但我的问题他们很难能帮上忙,谁也不能帮我写论文吧?心理咨询师:你现在最想解决什么心理问题?求助者:我就想赶快治好病,赶紧写完论文,争取按期毕业。心理测验结果:

SAS:70(标准分) 

CPQ: 

粗分  T分 

P  8  40 

E  7  35 

N  20  70 

L  6  40 

SCL-90:

请依据以上案例,回答以下问题:

针对该求助者的咨询,应怎样划分咨询阶段,并说出其主要内容。

答案

参考答案:

诊断阶段(1.5分)。:建立咨询关系(0.5分)。进行心理诊断(0.5分)。确立咨询目标,制定实施方案(0.5分)。咨询阶段(2分)。:帮助求助者改变其不适应的认知,情绪或行为(0.5分)。巩固阶段(2分)。:布置家庭作业(0.5分)。商定下次咨询的主题和时间等(0.5分)。做好咨询的回顾总结(0.5分)。巩固咨询成果(0.5分)。做好追踪研究(0.5分)。

填空题
阅读理解

Life is to be enjoyed. There’s no point in giving up something you enjoy unless you get something back that’s even better. When people eat more healthfully, exercise, quit smoking, and manage stress better, they find that they feel so much better that it reconstructs the reason for making these changes from fear of dying to joy of living. The latest studies show that when you exercise and eat right:

YOUR BRAIN receives more blood flow and oxygen, so you become smarter, think more clearly, have more energy, and need less sleep. Two studies showed that just walking for three hours per week for only three months caused so many new neurons (神经细胞) to grow that it actually increased the size of people’s brains!

YOUR FACE receives more blood flow, so your skin glows more and wrinkles less. You look younger and more attractive. In contrast, an unhealthy diet, chronic emotional stress and smoking reduce blood flow to your face so you age more quickly. Smoking accelerates aging because nicotine causes your arteries (动脉) to narrow down, which decreases blood flow to your face and makes it wrinkle earlier. This is why smokers look years older than they really are.

YOUR GENES change. In May, a study was published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences showing that changing your lifestyle changes your genes.

YOUR TELOMERES (染色体端粒) get longer. Telomeres are the ends of our chromosomes (染色体) that control how long we live. As telomeres become shorter, then cells age more quickly, thus shortening your life.

Besides, one of the most interesting findings in the study was that the mothers’ awareness of stress was more important than what was really occurring in their lives. The researchers gave the women a questionnaire and asked them to rate on a three-point scale how stressed they felt each day, and how out of control their lives felt to them. The women who were aware that they were under heavy stress had significantly shortened and damaged telomeres compared with those who felt more relaxed. On the contrary, some of the women who felt relaxed despite raising a disabled child had more normal-appearing telomeres.

In other words, if you feel stressed, you are stressed; if you feel fine, you are fine.

小题1:Which of the following are good for lengthening one’s life, according to the passage?

① eat healthy food ② drink plenty of water ③ take exercise ④ get up early

⑤ go to sleep early ⑥ release one’s stress

A.①③⑥

B.①②③

C.①⑤⑥

D.③④⑥小题2:The underlined words “your skin glows” in Paragraph 3 are closest in meaning to _________.

A.your skin becomes white as there is plenty of sunshine

B.your skin becomes smooth as there is much blood in it

C.your skin looks pink as you are healthy

D.your skin becomes soft as you exercise enough小题3:In the author’s opinion, when you exercise and eat right, you will experience some changes EXCEPT _________.

A.brains becoming cleverer

B.faces having fewer wrinkles

C.arteries turning narrower

D.genes being changed小题4:From the last but one paragraph we learn that _________.

A.mothers will have more damaged telomeres if they raise a disabled child

B.mothers don’t know how to handle stress effectively

C.some women were asked to fill out a questionnaire about educating children

D.mothers’ positive attitudes are the key to managing their stress小题5:The best title for the passage would be _________.  

A.Eat better, live better

B.Feel better, live longer

C.Less stress, fewer diseases

D.Smoke more, age sooner