问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面问题。

彩色的荒漠

雷抒雁

  从库尔勒出城不久,车子就离开国道,进入油田公路。新修的油田公路,像一支黑蠢的靠饿直直地射向前方。前方,是茫茫的戈壁,是黄沙漫漫的塔克拉玛干沙漠,是举世闻名的西气东送的第一口气井。车子全速奔驰在戈壁上。在我们的视野里,地平线的远处,是无遮无拦的穹隆和淡淡升腾着的云朵。开阔的戈壁,像是一方棋盘,偶尔看见一团两团圆圆的草棵,像是刻意摆下的一局残棋。生存与死亡,在这里艰难地进行命运的博弈。我们来到这里时,已是深秋时节,灰色,到处是灰色。

  沿着公路,我们向塔中油田进发。这条路将劈开塔克拉玛干沙漠直通塔里木盆地的中心。那里,将是另一种风景,另一幅图画,另一样色彩。

  塔里木河是一条河岸散乱的河流,夏季过去,汹涌的河水已变得平静和细瘦。河的两岸,是密密麻麻的胡杨树林。这些树,多数已经飘落了黄色的叶子,呈现出一种刚劲和苍凉。车子向前,茂密的树林,渐次变得稀疏。树的脚下,已经薄薄厚厚地铺上一层黄沙。独立的树木,有的如石雕,有的如铜雕;虽然,它们也许已经死去,年复一年的风沙折断了树枝,拨开了树皮,可是树的残干依然挺立,像是一群强悍的舞者,向天空和大地顽强地倾诉着它们的意志和信念。我喜欢这些树,视它们为上天兆示给人类的精神榜样。和我一样,石油工人们也喜欢胡杨树,曾经为了保护26棵胡杨,他们七次挪动井位,多花费了200万元人民币。渐行渐远,塔里木河水显然已经无力哺育这些植物,塔克拉玛干高大的沙丘,已愈来愈稠密地拥挤在道路的两边。

  可是,这一条沙漠公路却宽阔、平坦,不逊于我在内地看到的任何一条公路。笔直的道路随沙丘的起伏,上上下下。炎夏地表温度可以达到60'C~70'C。你尽可以想象炎热、干燥、漠风会怎样折磨工人们的血肉之躯;但你无法想象,他们以怎样的智慧固定流沙,夯实路基,让这路像与生俱来地生长在沙漠中一样。

  翻过几座沙山,眼前一亮,只见一片银灰色的油罐塔高耸着,巨大的弯弯折折的银灰色管道在塔间穿绕;还有一些雄伟的建筑和这些油塔管道比肩而立。阳光下,银色、金色、棕色,各种由建筑物放射出的光芒,让人顿时抖落了长途奔波的困倦与疲惫。塔中油田到了。仰望那些建筑,那一瞬,脑海突然闪现出唐僧师徒历尽波折,看到了西天胜景时的那番惊讶和喜悦。明知一切都是真实的,你有时还不得不问自己:这会不会是幻觉?

  在这一切色彩中,最鲜艳夺目的,是石油工人身上工装的红色。那是一种让人肃然起敬的颜色。红帽、红衣、红裤,有如朝霞,有如春花,更似共和国飘扬的旗帜,照耀着这一片沙漠。在油田,我看到最显眼、最有气势的两句话:“只有荒凉的沙漠,没有荒凉的人生。”这话被写在墙壁上,刻在石头上,嵌在沙丘上。是心声,也是写照;是鼓动,更是诺言。

  我们的终点是伟大的西气东送工程的起点——克拉2号气井。和沙漠地貌截然不同,这里是犬牙交错、怪石林立的雅丹地貌。没有路,钻井的迁移甚至不得不动用直升机。石油工人硬是在这乱石中,打下了井,钻出了气,修成了路,铺下了管道。当我把耳朵贴近输气管道,听见咝咝的天然气奔走的急促喘息声,那一刻,真有点让人激动。它们翻山越岭,渡江跨河,要到数千里之遥的上海、北京。那一刻,我真想让北京的亲友知道,当你们为做午餐轻轻转动天然气灶的开关旋钮时,我能听见那清脆快活的声音,我的心跳正激荡在这离你们遥远而又亲近的地方。

  虽说是深秋,草木尽枯,但我却看到了荒漠里最令人难忘的色彩。(有删节)

1.文章第一段描写了戈壁滩的哪些特点?联系全文,谈谈作者这样写有什么用意。

 ____________________________________________________

2.解释下列两句话在文中的含意。

(1)我喜欢这些树,视它们为上天兆示给人类的精神榜样。

 ____________________________________________________

(2)只有荒凉的沙漠,没有荒凉的人生。

 ____________________________________________________

3.作者为什么说,在他所看到的一切色彩中,最鲜艳夺目的是石油工人身上工装的红色?

 ____________________________________________________

4.在文章最后,作者是采用哪些方法来写克拉2号气井的?表达了什么样的思想感情?请简要分析。

 ____________________________________________________

答案

1.第一问:①戈壁滩环境的恶劣;

     ②戈壁滩色彩的单调。

第二问:①为表现石油工人为祖国人民所做的巨大贡献埋下伏笔;

     ②与下文要描写的彩色荒漠形成鲜明对比;

     ③先抑后扬,激发读者阅读兴趣。(意对即可)

2.(1)恶劣环境中的胡杨树,仿佛被上天赋予了顽强的意志和信念,具有吸引人的力量。

(2)尽管沙漠是荒凉和单调的,但是,人们却可以通过劳动让人生变得丰富多彩。(意对即可)

3.①相比荒漠和油田建筑的色彩而言,石油工人工装的红色显得更加耀眼夺目;

②工装的红色如花如霞,表达了作者对石油工人美好心灵的赞颂和敬仰;

③工装的红色如共和国旗帜的颜色,寄托了作者的爱国之情。(意对即可)

4.第一问:作者采用对比、排比、比拟和想象的方法来写克拉2号气井。

第二问:①通过对克拉2号气井所在的雅丹地貌和荒漠地貌之间的对比,表现了石油工人充满激情,不畏艰险,克服困难的精神;

     ②通过对不同劳动情景的排比,表现了石油工人坚定的决心和一往无前的气势;

     ③通过对管道天然气声音的比拟,表现r石油工人为西气东送所做的巨大贡献;

     ④通过对远方亲人的召唤和想象,表达了作者对石油T人的敬佩和感激之情。(意对即可)

单项选择题

Who to believe Nokia or Ericsson IBM or Sun Microsystems Microsoft or Siebel Rarely have the fortunes of technology companies appeared to differ so widely. Nokia, the world’s largest maker of mobile phones, this week reported better-than-expected sales for the latest quarter. holding out the prospect that its market share would soon reach new highs. By contrast, Ericsson, a rival, was full of gloom. Reporting bigger losses than expected, the company said that sales of its mobile phones were likely to tumble by 20% this year.

Motorola, another maker of mobile phones, is in a similar boat. On October 15th, the company reported a return to profit in its most recent period after a run of losses, but lowered its forecasts for the rest of the year and for 2003. Demand in wireless, broadband and semiconductors continued to slow, said the company. Unimpressed, investors marked down Motorola’s shares to a ten-year low.

The pattern of haves and have-nots is repeated in software too. While Microsoft was in chipper mood this week—revelling in a 26% increase in sales and a doubling of its profits after tax for the quarter to the end of September—Siebel Systems and PeopleSoft, two of America’s leading suppliers of business software, were down in the dumps. While PeopleSoft managed a modest profit, Siebel reported a loss for the last quarter and said it expected the present quarter to be equally tough. Despite (or because of) their contrasting fortunes, Microsoft and Siebel announced a joint marketing deal on October 21st: Microsoft is to sell Siebel’s customer-management software through. NET, its web-services product.

Why are some companies doing better than others One reason is that, now more than ever. those that are competitive seem to be punishing those that are not. Nokia has stretched its lead over Ericsson which, in addition to lower sales of mobile phones, has suffered from the severe fall in demand for telecoms infrastructure, its biggest business. There was. however, some good news for Ericsson’s shares on October 18th, when the company said that the infrastructure unit came close to breaking even in the most recent quarter.

Cost-cutting has also helped SAP, Europe’s largest developer of business software, has reduced its expenses by 8%. As a result, its margins have improved a lot compared with those of its competitors. Microsoft has employed different tactics. It has capitalized on customers’ fears that the cost of upgrading their software, such a s the company’s Windows XP operating system, could climb. Many have rushed to buy now in case prices rise. In tune with the times, Microsoi’t is also keen to demonstrate how its products can save its customers money. Understandably, this is winning its sales.

What is the best title for the passage().

A. Technology Giants in Trouble.

B. World IT Market.

C. A New Gulf in IT Industry.

D. Technology Companies.

单项选择题