问题 阅读理解与欣赏

阅读下面的文字,完成下面问题。

云在青天水在瓶

林清玄  

  ①春日清晨,到山上去。

  ②大树下的酢浆草长得格外肥美,我轻轻地把草和花拈起,摘一大束,带回家洗净,放在白瓷盘中当早餐吃。我把这一盘酢浆草端到窗前,然后我慢慢地咀嚼酢浆草,品味它的小小的酸楚,感觉到能闲逸无事地吃着如此特别的早餐,是一种不可言说的幸福。

  ③我看着用来盛装酢浆草的白瓷盘,它的造型和颜色都很特别,是平底的椭圆形,滚着一圈极细的蓝线。它不是纯白色的,而是带着古玉一样的质感。我一直对陶瓷有一种偏爱,最精致的瓷与最粗糙的陶,都能使我感动。最好是像我手中的白瓷盘。不是高级到需要供奉,而是可以拿到生活里来用;但它一点不粗俗,只是放着观赏,也觉得它超越了实用的范围。

  ④如果要装一些有颜色的东西,我也喜欢用瓷器,因为瓷器会把颜色反射出来,使我感受到人间的颜色是多么的可贵。白色的瓷盘不仅仅是用来装食物,放上几个在河边小溪捡到的石头。那原本毫不起眼的石头,洗净了自有动人之美。那种美,使我觉得随手捡来的石头也可以像宝石一样,以庄严之姿来供奉。

  ⑤从手里的白瓷盘,我觉得我们生在这个世界,应该学习更多更深刻的谦卑与感恩。我们住的这个地方,不管任何季节走进树林去,都会发现到处充满了勃勃生机:草木吸收露珠,承受阳光,努力生长;花朵握紧拳头,在风中奋斗,然后伸展开放;蝉在地底长期蛰伏,用漫长的几年的爬行,才能有枝头短暂悠扬的歌。不管是什么生命,它们都有动人的颜色,即使是有毒的蛇、蜘蛛。如果我们懂得去欣赏,就会看见它们的颜色是多么活泼,使我们感到生命的伟大力量。

  ⑥抬起头来,看到云天浩淼,才感到我们住的地球是多么的渺小,地球上的每一个生命是多么渺若微尘,在白色、红色、蓝色的星星的照耀下,我们行过的原野是何其卑微。幸而,这世界有这么丰富的颜色,有如此繁茂的生命,使我们虽渺小也是可以具足,虽卑微而不失庄严。

  ⑦我们之所以无畏,是因为我们可以把生命带进我们的心窗,让阳光进入我们的心灵,洗涤我们身心的尘埃,让雨水落入杂乱的思绪,使我们澄明如云。我觉得人可以勇迈雄健,那是因为人并不独立生活在世界的生命之外。每一个人是一个自足的世界,而世界是一个人的圆满。

  ⑧自性的开启,不是走离世界,而是进入宇宙之心。

  ⑨我愿学习白瓷盘,收敛自己的美来衬托一切放在盘上的颜色,并在这些颜色过后再恢复自己的洁白。就好像生命的历程里,一切生活经验都使它趋向美好,但不沉溺这种美好。

1.文章中多次提到“白瓷盘”,作者认为它具有怎样的内涵?请结合全文概括。

答:______________________________________________________________

2.文章的开头从咀嚼酢浆草写起,这与后文有什么联系?

答:______________________________________________________________

3.林清玄曾说自己“企图用文学的语言,表达一些开启时空智慧的概念”,在本文中,作者借“宝瓶”表达了哪些开启时空、启迪人生的智慧?

答:______________________________________________________________

4.“云在青天水在瓶”在作者笔下是怎样一种境界?结合文章具体内容谈谈你的理解。

答:______________________________________________________________

答案

1.深刻的谦卑与感恩;收敛自己的美来衬托外物;具有介于精致与朴素之间的风格;具有光耀包容的态度。(意对即可)

2.引出下文对“白瓷盘”的抒写,并与后文形成呼应,表明拥有清净、澄明的内心就会觉得世界的一切都非常美好、让人幸福。(意对即可)

3.①我们的本身就拥有最珍贵的东西,不必去追求外在事物;

②回到清净的面貌,你就会感到世间的一切都珍贵无比;

③抛弃妄想和执著,你才会拥有清净的心灵(告诉人们如何回到或拥有清净的面貌);

④即使空无一物,也要让自己感受美好,并传达出美好来。(意对即可)

4.在人群里有独处的心,在独处时有人群之爱,独处而不远离世界;自由自在,追求一种精神超越;保有永久的清明,用简单的心面对世界,感悟生活之珍贵。(意对即可)

阅读理解

LONDON - A British judge on Thursday sentenced a businessman who sold fake(假冒的) bomb detectors(探测器) to 10 years in prison, saying the man hadn't cared about potentially deadly consequences.

It is believed that James McCormick got about $77.8 million from the sales of his detectors - which were based on a kind of golf ball finder - to countries including Iraq, Belgium and Saudi Arabia.

McCormick, 57, was convicted(判罪) of cheats last month and sentenced Thursday at the Old Bailey court in London.

"Your cheating conduct in selling a great amount of useless equipment simply for huge profit promoted a false sense of security and in all probability materially contributed to causing death and injury to innocent people," Judge Richard Hone told McCormick. "you have neither regret, nor shame, nor any sense of guilt."

The detectors, sold for up to $42,000 each, were said to be able to find such dangerous objects as bombs under water and from the air. But in fact they "lacked any grounding in science" and were of no use.

McCormick had told the court that he sold his detectors to the police in Kenya, the prison service in Hong Kong, the army in Egypt and the border control in Thailand.

"I never had any had results from customers," he said.

小题1:Why was McCormick sentenced to prison?

A.He sold bombs.

B.He caused death of people.

C.He made detectors.

D.He cheated in business.小题2: According to the judge, what McCormick had done _______.

A.increased the cost of safeguarding

B.lowered people's guard against danger

C.changed people's idea of social security

D.caused innocent people to commit crimes小题3:Which of the following is true of the detectors?

A.They have not been sold to Africa.

B.They have caused many serious problems.

C.They can find dangerous objects in water.

D.They don't function on the basis of science.小题4:It can be inferred from the passage that McCormick _______.

A.sold the equipment at a low price

B.was well-known in most countries

C.did not think he had committed the crime

D.had not got such huge profit as mentioned in the text

多项选择题