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五峰游记

李大钊

  ①我向来惯过“山中无历日,寒尽不知年”的日子,一切日常生活的经过都记不住时日。

  ②我们那晚八时顷,由京奉线出发,次日早晨曙光刚发的时候,到滦州车站。此地是辛亥年张绍曾 * * 督率第二十镇,停军不发,拿十九信条要挟清廷的地方。后来到底有一标在此起义,以众寡不敌失败,营长施从云、王金铭,参谋长白亚雨等殉难。这是历史上的纪念地。

  ③车站在滦州城北五里许,紧靠着横山。横山东北,下临滦河的地方,有一个行宫,地势很险,风景却佳,而今作了我们老百姓旅行游览的地方。

  ④由横山往北,四十里可达卢龙。山路崎岖,水路两岸万山重迭,暗崖很多,行舟最要留神,而景致绝美。由横山往南,滦河曲折南流入海,以陆路计,约有百数十里。

  ⑤我们在此雇了一只小舟,顺流而南,两岸都是平原。遍地的禾苗,都很茂盛,但已觉受旱。禾苗的种类,以高粱为多,因为滦河一带,主要的食粮,就是高粱。谷黍豆类也有。滦河每年泛滥,河身移从无定,居民都以为苦。其实滦河经过的地方,虽有时受害,而大体看来,却很富厚,因为他的破坏中,却带来了很多的新生活种子、原料。房屋老了,经他一破坏,新的便可产生。土质乏了,经他一回滩淤,肥的就会出现。这条滦河简直是这一方的旧生活破坏者,新生活创造者。可惜人都是苟安,但看见他的破坏,看不见他的建设,却很冤枉了他。

  ⑥河里小舟漂着,一片斜阳射在水面,一种金色的浅光,衬着岸上的绿野,景色真是好看。

  ⑦天到黄昏,我们还未上岸。从舟人摇橹的声中,隐约透出了远村的犬吠,知道要到我们上岸的村落了。

  ⑧到了家乡,才知道境内很不安静。正有“绑票”的土匪,在各村骚扰。还有“花会”照旧开设。

  ⑨过了两三日,我便带了一个小孩,来到昌黎的五峰。是由陆路来的,约有八十里。从前昌黎的铁路警察,因在车站干涉日本驻屯军的无礼的行动,曾有五警士为日兵惨杀。这也算是一个纪念地。

  ⑩五峰是碣石山的一部,离车站十余里,在昌黎城北。我们清早雇骡车运行李到山下。

  车不能行了,只好步行上山。一路石径崎岖,曲折得很,两傍松林密布。间或有一两人家很清妙的几间屋,筑在山上,大概窗前都有果园。泉水从石上流着,潺潺作响,当日恰遇着微雨,山景格外的新鲜。走了约四里许,才到五峰的韩公祠。

  五峰有个胜境,就在山腹。望海,锦绣,平斗,飞来,挂月,五个山峰环抱如椅。好事的人,在此建了一座韩文公祠。下临深涧,涧中树木丛森。在南可望渤海,碧波万顷,一览无尽。我们就在此借居了。

  看守祠宇的人,是一双老夫妇,年事都在六十岁以上,却很健康。此外一狗,一猫,两只母鸡,构成他们那山居的生活。我们在此,找夫妇替我们操作。

  祠内有两个山泉可饮。煮饭烹茶,都从那里取水。用松枝作柴。颇有一种趣味。

  山中松树最多,果树有苹果,桃,杏,梨,葡萄,黑枣,胡桃等。今年果收都不佳。

  来游的人却也常有。但是来到山中,不是吃喝,便是赌博,真是大杀风景。

  山中没有野兽,没有盗贼,我们可以夜不闭户,高枕而眠。

  久旱,乡间多求雨的,都很热闹,这是中国人的群众运动。

  昨日山中落雨,云气把全山包围。树里风声雨声,有波涛澎湃的样子。水自山间流下,却成了瀑布。雨后大有秋意。(原载《新生活》1919年8月31日第2、3期)

1.第②段中的“辛亥年”,确切地说,应该是公元_________年。

2.第⑤段作者将“滦河”比作“旧生活破坏者,新生活创造者”,作用是____________________。

3.试析第⑦段“从舟人摇橹的声中,隐约透出了远村的犬吠”一句的表达效果。

 ___________________________________________________________

4.分别从时间和空间两个角度,梳理这篇游记的行文脉络。

⑴______________________________________________;

⑵______________________________________________;                            

5.对全文的理解与分析,正确的两项是(   )

A.从文中“昌黎”、“韩公祠”等词可以推断,作者游山主要是为了凭吊韩愈。

B.本文的结构可分为两大部分,第一部分写车站见闻,第二部分写五峰胜境。

C.开头作者说自己“记不住时日”,言下之意,是说五峰山的游历难以忘怀。

D.文中两处“纪念地”的叙写,赋予了文章除旧布新、继往开来的时代内涵。

E.作者运用移步换景、正反对照的写法,借写大自然的雄奇反衬人世的污杂。

F.本文用词平实、多用短句,行文简洁明快,却能做到言之有序、生动传神。

6.作者李大钊,是中 * * 主义的先驱,五四运动的主要领导者,中 * * 党的创始人之一。《五峰游记》一文坦露了作者怎样的内心生活和精神境界?请结合文章内容作出评价。

 ___________________________________________________________

答案

1.1911

2.形象地揭示了破旧立新的必然规律,表现了事物发展具有两面性的辩证思想。

3.运用了以有声衬无声的表现手法。一行人泛舟于滦河之上,斜阳铺水,绿野风光,水推船移,轻摆微摇,伴着缓慢而富有节奏感的桨橹“嘎吱”声,隐约间夹杂着几声远村的犬吠,愈发衬出所处环境之清幽宁静,一派田园野趣的水墨图景跃然纸上。(意对即可)

4.⑴空间:先写滦县风光,后写五峰胜境及山居生活;

⑵时间:晚由京奉线出发,次日晨到达滦州。然后荡舟于滦河之上。黄昏时回到家乡。三天以后,步行登山,来到五峰。(意对即可)

5.CF

6.这篇游记融描绘自然风物与叙述历史世态为一体,表现了作者对壮美秀丽的自然山水的喜爱,对怡然自得充满情趣的山居生活的欣赏,对山间淳朴民风的赞美,对世态民生的关照。

 ⑴作者借两处纪念地的叙写,表达了自己对革命的赞美,对革命烈士的敬仰,也透露出对时局的不满和担忧。

 ⑵作者借对五峰山的自然风光及生活景观的描写,表达了对优美壮丽的自然景观的热爱及对充满情趣的山居生活和淳朴民风的欣赏。

 ⑶表现了作者对政治气候的敏感。他一方面欣赏家乡迷人的风光,一方面也注意到家乡还有“绑票”的土匪,时局很不安定,注意到愚昧的求雨乡俗,关注着人民的生活。(意对即可)

多项选择题
阅读理解

阅读理解。

    People in the United States honor their parents with two special days: Mother's Day, on the second Sunday

in May, and Father's Day, on the third Sunday in June. These days are set aside to show love and respect for

parents. They raise their children and educate them to be responsible citizens. They give love and care. These

two days make us think about the changing roles of mothers and fathers. More mothers now work outside the

home. More fathers must help with child care. 

    These two special days are celebrated in many different ways. On Mother's Day people wear carnations

which have two colors. A red one symbolizes (象征) a living mother. A white one shows that the mother is

dead. Many people attend religious services to honor parents. It is also a day when people whose parents are

dead visit the cemetery. On these two days families get together to have parties at home, as well as in

restaurants. These are days of fun and good feelings and memories.

    Another tradition is to give cards and gifts. Children make them in school. Many people make their own

presents. These are valued (珍爱) more than the ones bought in stores. It is not the value of the gift that is

important, but it is "the thought that counts". Greeting card stores, florists, candy makers, bakeries, telephone

companies, and other stores do a lot of business during these holidays.

1. Which of the following is NOT a reason for children to show love and respect for parents?

A. Parents bring children

B. Parents give love and care to children

C. Parents educate children to be good persons.

D. Parents pass away before children grow up

2. Which do you think is right about "carnation"?

A. It has only two kinds of colors.

B. It refers to the special clothes people wear on Mother's Day or Father's Day.

C. It's a kind of flower showing love and best wishes.

D. People can wear carnations only on the second Sunday in May.

3. What do you know from the passage?

A. Mother's Day and Father's Day are both in May.

B. Fewer women worked outside the home in the past

C. Not all the children respect their parents

D. Fathers are not as important as mothers at home

4. On Mother's Day and Father's Day, _____.

A. people usually have family parties

B. everyone goes to visit the cemetery

C. children always go to parents' home

D. hand-made cards are the most valuable gifts