问题 问答题 简答题

简述青年期生理与心理发育的影响因素。

答案

参考答案:

(1)营养因素:营养是生长发育的最主要的物质基础。如营养素供给不足,或膳食结构不合理,不但会引起生长发育迟缓,还会导致急、慢性营养不良和各种营养素缺乏症。

(2)锻炼因素:锻炼不仅可以促进机体的新陈代谢,增强呼吸、循环系统的功能发育,在适当的营养保证下,还可提高体格(尤其是骨骼和肌肉)发育的水平。

(3)疾病因素:随着计划免疫工作的深入开展,许多传染病得到控制,但仍有一些重要器官及全身性疾病可影响青年期的生长发育,常见的有:慢性消化道疾患、寄生虫病、地方病(如甲状腺肿)、先天性疾病、内分泌疾病、遗传性疾病及哮喘、结核病等。

(4)季节与气候:春季身高增长快,秋冬季体重增长快。不同的地区的气候不同,加上其他地区差异因素的影响,使机体的发育存在明显的地区差异。

(5)环境污染:环境污染不仅影响青年健康,引发各种疾病,而且明显阻抑其正常发育进程。

(6)家庭因素:包括家庭的社会经济状况、父母素质、早期智力开发、非智力因素的培养、正确的教育方式及家庭结构的完整性。

(7)社会因素:地区社会经济状况的差异、城乡差异、战争、工业化等社会因素都会对青年期发育产生深远的影响。

阅读理解

阅读理解。

     Jean Francis Grander was perhaps the most daring man who ever lived and perhaps the craziest. His

greatest desire was to entertain and amaze people. He measured his success by the number of people who

fainted dead away after witnessing his death-defying (极其惊险的) feats.

     Grander, a blond Frenchman, toured North America in 1850, billing himself as "Blondin". Blondin's gift

was excellent balance. This talent coupled with a great desire to surprise and shock his audiences, made

Blondin an incomparable performer.

     His most famous feat was walking across Niagara Falls on a tightrope. Blondin's "stage" consisted of a

rope tied 1,100 feet across the falls. The rope hung some 160 feet above the rocks and boiling water below

the falls.

     Simply walking across the falls was not exciting enough for Blondin; he later had to ride across on a

bicycle. Then, in another performance, he calmly walked across blindfolded (被蒙住的眼睛). At still another

time, he carried his terrified manager on his back and walked over the falls before thousands of breathless

audience.

     But Blondin was undoubtedly his own worst critic. He was never satisfied with hfs act and always tried

to attract his audience with his balancing feat. One of his most daring walks was made in the darkness of

night. Blondin became so famous on his tour through North America that his last performance was attended

by an admiring Prince of Wales.

1. Why does the author think that Grander may be the craziest man in the world?

A. Because he enjoyed entertaining people by terrifying them.

B. Because many people died after seeing his feats.

C. Because his greatest desire was to entertain people.

D. Because he was an incomparable performer.

2. What does the underlined word "feat" in this passage mean?

A. excellent performance

B. tour

C. famous event

D. victory

3. What can we infer from the first sentence in the last paragraph?

A. Blondin was very content with his own performance.

B. Blondin was not very good at criticism.

C. Blondin never thought that his performance was satisfy.

D. Blondin didn't like criticism.

4. The author's attitude towards "Blondin" is _____.

A. critical

B. admiring

C. negative

D. depressed

5. Which of the following can NOT be drawn from the passage?

A. Blondin's success had something to do with his character.

B. In order to be Successful,one should be a critic of himself.

C. Blondin conquered his audience simply by his talent.

D. People can get pleasure from a terrifying experience.

单项选择题 A型题