问题 综合题

阅读材料,回答问题。

材料一 人能尽其才,地能尽其利,物能尽其用,货能畅其流——如此四事者,富强之大经,治国之大本也。……试现日本一国,与西人通商后于我,仿效西方亦后于我,其维新之政为日几何,而今日成效已大有可观……          

——孙中山(上李鸿章书),1894年6月

材料二:“革命为惟一法门。”“我们必须倾覆满州政府,建设民国。革命成功之日……废除专制,实行共和。”

——孙中山(在檀香山戏院的演说),1903年12月13日

材料三:这十三年来,政治上、社会上种种黑暗腐败比前清更甚,人民困苦日甚一日……俄国虽迟我革命而已成功,我虽早六年革命而仍失败。

——孙中山(国民党改组问题),1924年1月

材料四:我已嘱国民党进行民族革命运动之工作,俾中国可免帝国主义加诸中国的半殖民地状况之羁缚。为达此目的起见,我已令国民党长此继续与你们提携。

——孙中山(致苏俄遗书),1925年3月

问题:根据以上四则材料,概述并评价孙中山思想的发展变化。

答案

孙中山起初主张清政府进行和平改良,变法自强;孙中山改变了看法,主张推翻清政府,建立资产阶级共和国;孙中山总结了民国初年的社会现状,认为民族民主革命并未成功,并决定要改组国民党;孙中山最终明确提出了要继续进行民族民主革命,并表示要与苏联合作。

孙中山一生经历了两次大的思想转变,一次是从改良到革命的转变,一次是从旧三民主义到新三民主义的转变,表现了为救国救民而敢于追求真理,修正错误,随时代潮流前进的革命精神。

单项选择题
阅读理解

As I sat beside the window of our classroom that afternoon, my heart sank further with each passing car. This was a day I’d looked forward to for weeks: Miss Pace’s fourth-grade, end-of-the-year party.

I had happily volunteered my mother when Miss Pace looked for cookie volunteers. Mom’s chocolate chips were well-known, and I knew they’d be a hit with my classmates. But two o’clock passed, and there was no sign of her. Most of the other mothers had already come and gone, dropping off their sweet offerings.

The three o’clock bell soon took me away from my thoughts and I took my book bag from my desk.

I decided I would slam the front door, and refuse to return her hug. But when I arrived, she wasn’t at home.

I was lying face-down on my bed upstairs when I heard her come through the front door.

“Robbie,” she called out a bit urgently. “Where are you?”

I could then hear her rushing anxiously from room to room, wondering where I could be. I remained silent.

Coming through the door, she said: “I’m so sorry, honey,” she said. “I just forgot. I got busy and forgot.”

Then my mother did something completely unexpected. She began to laugh! How could she laugh at a time like this? I rolled over and faced her, ready to let her see my rage (愤怒).

But my mother wasn’t laughing at all. She was crying. “I’m so sorry,” she said. “I let you down. I let my little boy down.”

I was moved by her tears.

I tried to remember her kind words from times past when I’d skinned knees or cut myself, times when she knew just the right thing to say.

“It’s okay, Mom. We didn’t even need those cookies. There was plenty of stuff to eat. Don’t cry. It’s all right. Really.”

We didn’t say another word. We just held each other. When we came to the point where I would usually pull away, I decided that, this time, I could hold on, perhaps, just a little bit longer.

小题1:. The author was pretty down because ______.

A.he couldn’t go to the party he had been looking forward to

B.his mother didn’t turn up at the party as she had promised

C.his mother had refused to make chocolate chips for the party

D.the cookies his mom made was not popular at the party小题2:. When the author returned home, ______.

A.he was so angry that he slammed the front door

B.he was silent and refused to return his mother’s hug

C.he rushed from room to room looking for his mother

D.he was disappointed that he couldn’t express his anger to his mother小题3:. We can tell from the story that _____.

A.the mother didn’t get to the party because of the traffic jam

B.the mother was sorry for her absence and laughed at herself

C.the author was a caring and thoughtful boy

D.the author was overcome with anger小题4:. The article expresses the message that ______.

A.it is silly to be angry with your family

B.everybody should keep his or her promises

C.true love is based on understanding

D.understanding how to comfort people in low spirits is a true skill